We propose and demonstrate a hybrid photonic-plasmonic nanolaser that combines the light harvesting features of a dielectric photonic crystal cavity with the extraordinary confining properties of an optical nano-antenna. For this purpose, we developed a novel fabrication method based on multi-step electron-beam lithography. We show that it enables the robust and reproducible production of hybrid structures, using a fully top-down approach to accurately position the antenna. Coherent coupling of the photonic and plasmonic modes is highlighted and opens up a broad range of new hybrid nanophotonic devices.

The reaction of hydroxylamine with Fem(TPP)Cl and Fen(TPP) (TPP = tetraphenylporphyrinate(2-)) at room temperature and at lower temperatures (<-20 °C) was studied in this work. At room temperature, hydroxylamine reacted with both Femand Fen(TPP) to form Fe(TPP)(NO). But, when the temperature was reduced to -40 °C in methylene chloride, Fe(TPP)(NH2OH)2 was stable. This complex was characterized by visible and NMR spectroscopy and by electrochemistry. The visible and NMR spectra of Fe(TPP)(NH2OH)2 were similar to other low-spin six-coordinate ferrous TPP complexes. As was consistent with this low spin (S = 0) formulation, the chemical shifts of the porphyrin and hydroxylamine resonances were independent of temperature.In addition, the resonances due to the coordinated hydroxylamine were observed upfield from Me4Si. The same Fe(TPP)(NH2OH)2 complex can be formed from Fe(TPP)Cl and hydroxylamine, where the excess hydroxylamine can reduce the iron. The Fe-(TPP)-hydroxylamine complex was stable at low temperatures, but it decomposed at room temperature to Fe(TPP)(NO). Conversely, when Fe(TPP)NO and hydroxylamine were mixed together at low temperatures, Fe(TPP)(NH2OH)2 was formed. Cyclic voltammetry of this complex was carried out at -35 °C. The first reduction wave was observed with an £1/2 value of-1.22 V vs. a Ag/AgN03 reference electrode, while the first oxidation wave occurred at an E¡,2 value of -0.18 V vs. Ag/AgN03. Coulometric oxidation of the complex at -35 °C at 0.1 V vs. Ag/AgNQ3 gave a coulometric n value of 3, and the final oxidation product was Fe(TPP)(NO). The voltammetric data were consistent with an initial formation of a ferric complex, which underwent subsequent reaction to form the nitrosyl complex.

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In order to make the backlight system thinner and brighter, we propose a high quality poly(methylmethacrylate) light guide plate (LGP) based on microprism structures, which can be designed to control the illumination angle, and to get enough uniformity of intensity, so the backlight system will be simplified to use only one LGP and requires no other optical sheets. Design results reveal that our LGP can achieve a uniformity of intensity better than 86%, and get an illumination angle between ±25°, without using any optical sheets.