ABSTRAK. Arumanis 143 merupakan varietas mangga unggul nasional yang memiliki kualitas buah cukup baik dan sudah dikenal di pasar, tetapi tingkat produktivitasnya masih rendah dan kulit buah tetap berwarna hijau walaupun sudah masak. Persilangan antara mangga Arumanis dengan varietas yang lebih produktif dan berwarna merah merupakan salah satu cara untuk memperbaiki produktivitas dan mengubah warna menjadi merah. Penelitian dilakukan mulai Januari sampai dengan Desember 2006 di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika Solok dan Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pascapanen Pertanian untuk menyeleksi secara dini karakter produktif dan warna merah pada kulit buah terhadap 19 semaian hibrida F1 hasil persilangan antara induk Arumanis 143 dengan mangga-mangga Cukurgondang melalui analisis aktivitas enzim esterase dan kandungan antosianin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 19 semaian hibrida F1 ada empat semaian yang produktivitasnya lebih rendah dan 15 semaian yang produktivitasnya lebih tinggi dari tetua induk Arumanis 143. Dari 15 semaian ada lima semaian yang sangat produktif karena aktivitas enzim esterasenya lebih tinggi daripada standar (tetua paling produktif yaitu Keith), sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai kandidat varietas mangga Arumanis yang produktif. Kelima semaian tersebut berasal dari persilangan nomor 25, 33, 35, 47, dan 50. Hasil analisis kandungan antosianin menunjukkan bahwa hampir seluruh semaian hibrida F1 memiliki kandungan antosianin lebih tinggi dari induk Arumanis 143, tetapi yang memiliki kandungan antosianin lebih tinggi dari standar (Apel dan Khirsapati Maldah) ada empat semaian, yaitu hibrida dari persilangan nomor 20, 25, 44, dan 48. Keempat semaian tersebut selanjutnya dikategorikan sebagai kandidat varietas mangga Arumanis yang kulit buahnya berpotensi berwarna merah. Khusus semaian hibrida F1 dari persilangan no 25 selain lebih produktif juga kulit buahnya berpotensi berwarna merah.<br /><br />ABSTRACT. Jawal, M Anwarudin Syah, Sukartini, Sunarwati, D, Rebin, and Sutrisno, N 2012. The Early Selection of Mango Hybrids which Productive and Red Skin Fruit by Activity of Esterase Enzymes and Anthocyanin Content. The Arumanis 143 is a national superior mango cultivar which have a good quality and marketable, but the low productivity and green of skin fruit. The hybridization of Arumanis 143 cultivar with the productive cultivars and red skin mango is a method to improved the productivity and change the skin color to red on Arumanis cultivar. Early selection on productivity character and red skin color of mango based on esterase enzyme activity and anthocyanin content on hybrid F1 seedling by crossing Arumanis 143 with the productive cultivars and red skin mango. The research was conducted at Laboratory of Indonesian Tropical Fruits Research Institute Solok and Postharvest Research and Development Institute Bogor from January to December 2006. The objective of the research was to early selection of productivity character and red skin color of mango on 19 hybrids F1 by activities of esterase enzyme and anthocyanin content. The results analysis of esterase enzyme activity showed that there were five seedlings hybrids F1 which activity of esterase enzyme higher than standard (Keith) i.e. hybrid number 25, 33, 35, 47, and 50. Those five seedlings hybrid can be determined as productive candidate of Arumanis mango cultivars. The results analysis of anthocyanin content showed that there were four seedlings hybrids F1 which anthocyanin content higher than standard (Apel and Khirsapati Maldah) i.e. hybrid number 20, 25, 44, and 48. The four seedlings hybrid can be determined as red skin of mango candidate of Arumanis cultivars. The seedlings number 25 have high of esterase enzyme activity and anthocyanin content, thus could be determined as Arumanis cultivars which productive and red skin mango.<br /><br />
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