The study aimed to analyse dominant factors associated with overweight and obesity among students in Perguruan Cikini Elementary School in Central Jakarta. A cross-sectional study was conducted between March-May 2017 with 145 participants from 3 rd , 4 th , and 5 th grades. Data obtained were measurement of body weight and height, physical activity questionnaire for children, food frequency questionnaire and 24-hour food recall. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among students in Perguruan Cikini Elementary School in Central Jakarta was 41.4%. Based on logistic regression, fast food consumption was a dominant factor associated with overweight and obesity among students in Perguruan Cikini Elementary School in Central Jakarta. Students who consumed fast food >3 times/week were 2.42 times more likely to be overweight and obese compared to students who consumed fast food ≤3 times/week.

This study evaluated the modulation of non-specific immune response, growth, and disease resistance of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei against infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV). The first stage of this study evaluated the different dose of k-carrageenan administration i.e. 5, 10, and 15 g/kg feed for four weeks of rearing period, while the later studied evaluated about the frequency of administration i.e. daily, seven days interval, and 14-days interval for five weeks of rearing period. Both stages had positive and negative control and performed in complete randomized design. The parameters of observation consisted of immune parameters, clinical symptoms, growth, and survival. Shrimp were fed three times a day at feeding rate of 4-5% of body weight/day. IMNV Challenge test was performed by feeding the shrimp via oral route at a level 10% of body weight for three consecutive days, followed by 14-days observation. The results showed that shrimp administered with k-carrageenan at a concentration of 15 g/kg feed showed the best performance of all concentration tested. The shrimp's haemocyte count, phagocytes activity, phenoloxidase activity, and relative growth were 12±0.72×10 6 cell/mL; 34.67±0.58%; 0.511±0.10; and 86.15% respectively. After challenged, the survival was 85±7.07%. Moreover, application in 14 days at 7-days interval gave 88.57% relative growth and 93±5,8% survival, which were higher than other treatments. The administration of k-carrageenan at concentration of 15 g/kg with 14 days interval on white shrimp juveniles showed higher immunostimulatory effect and better protection against IMNV. Keywords: kappa-carrageenan, immunostimulant, IMNV, Litopenaeus vannamei ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mempelajari pemberian kappa-karagenan dalam memodulasi respons imun nonspesifik, pertumbuhan, dan resistensi udang vaname Litopenaeus vannamei terhadap infeksi infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV). Tahap pertama mengetahui dosis pemberian k-karagenan sebesar 5, 10, dan 15 g/kg pakan selama empat minggu pemeliharaan, sedangkan tahap kedua mengevaluasi frekuensi pemberian k-karagenan, yaitu setiap hari, tujuh hari, dan 14 hari secara berulang dengan interval tujuh hari selama lima minggu pemeliharaan. Kedua tahap penelitian menggunakan kontrol positif dan negatif dalam rancangan acak lengkap. Parameter pengamatan terdiri atas respons imun, gejala klinis, pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup udang vaname. Udang diberi makan tiga kali sehari dengan FR 4-5% biomassa/hari. Infeksi IMNV dilakukan secara oral sebesar 10% biomassa selama tiga hari berturut-turut, dan diamati selama 14 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa udang yang diberikan k-karagenan 15 g/kg pakan memperoleh hasil terbaik. Total hemosit, aktivitas fagositosis, aktivitas phenoloxidase, dan pertumbuhan relatif udang masing-masing adalah 12±0,72×10 6 sel/mL; 34,67±0,58%; 0,511±0,10 dan 86,15%, dengan kelangsungan hidup udang setelah diinfeksi IMNV sebesar 85±7,07%. Frekuensi pemberian 14 hari secara berulang dengan interval tujuh hari memberikan hasil...

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui total hemosit dan sintasan udang vaname (L. vannamei) yang dipelihara pada salinitas 10 ppt dan dengan padat tebar yang berbeda. Penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan. Udang vaname dipelihara pada salinitas 10 ppt dengan padat tebar 150 ekor/m2 (A), 200 ekor/m2 (B), dan 250 ekor/m2 (C). penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama lima minggu. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah udang vaname yang dipelihara pada salinitas 10 ppt dengan padat tebar berbeda berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan. Namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap kelangsungan hidup dan juga total hemosit udang. Perlakuan yang menghasilkan pertumbuhan terbaik adalah padat tebar 150 ekor/m2.

Rietje J.M. Bokau*), Dian Febriani, Nur Indariyanti, and Rakhmawati. 2018. DOSAGE Optimization Of Artificial Digestive Enzymes In Feed To Improve The Digestibility And Growth Of Osphronemus gourami. Aquacultura Indonesiana, 19(2): 83-89. One of the obstacles often encountered in the cultivation of gourami is a relatively slow rate of growth compared with other freshwater fishes. This slow growth is partly due to the incomplete and unbalanced nutritional content and the low ability of the fish to digest a certain type of feed materials. The ability to digest fish feed types depends on the quality and quantity of feed and enzymes present in the digestive tract. The enzymes released by the glands in the gut have the function to digest food elements. Among the enzymes involved in digestion are amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase, pectinase, and pullulanase. To improve digestion, the use of artificial enzymes in certain doses is combined with natural food such as papaya to optimize the dose of artificial enzymes. The use of papaya is already widely used as a food supplement, especially in the gourami grow-out culture. Aside from being natural food, papaya leaves can also serve as a natural source of digestive enzymes. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal dose of artificial enzymes added to feed which can improve the digestibility and growth of gourami. In this study, treatments of artificial feeding of gourami were used addition of artificial enzymes amounting to 1% (A), 2% (B), 3% (C), papaya leaves and pellets (D), and pellets alone (E). Results after two months rearing showed that the digestibility of feed supplemented with natural enzymes in papaya (papain) can be further improve optimized by the addition of artificial digestive enzymes in a dose of 3% of the weight of the feed, the fish of this treatments group showed that faster growth compared with other treatments.

Crayfish culture (Cherax sp) is currently a business opportunity in aquaculture. Cherax sp is one of the local and export commodities. The increasing demand every year, crayfish culture with high productivity is needed. The increase in culture is largely determined by the growth and survival of the crayfish. One alternative that can be applied is the use of probiotics and prebiotics. Lactobacillus sp has been widely used in aquaculture as a probiotic. While coconut pulp contains galactomannan which can function as a prebiotic and is one of the agricultural wastes that can be used as animal feed. The aim of this study is to determine the growth and survival rate of crayfish given probiotics and prebiotics. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design. This study consisted of three treatments with three replications. Treatment A (maintenance of freshwater crayfish without the addition of Lactobacillus and coconut powder), Treatment B (maintenance of freshwater crayfish with the addition of Lactobacillus 2%/kg of feed), and Treatment C (maintenance of freshwater crayfish with the addition of Lactobacillus 2%/kg of feed and coconut powder 2 %/kg feed). Parameters observed were daily growth rate (DGR), survival rate (SR) and water quality. The result from this study showed that DGR has significantly different between A treatment and B, C treatment. But SR showed has not significantly diferrent between the treatments. The highest SR shown in C treatment.