The improving social welfare and food availability has created a shift of consumption pattern that leads to high-fat foods and low-complex carbohydrate, especially the fibrous foods. As we know,carbohydrate has been considered as the safe component of foods, therefore, it is recommended to be consumed more. Recently, more experts have started to think about the role of carbohydrate and the emergence of atherosclerosis. The Purpose of the research was to know the risk of high carbohydrate diet application compared to high fat blood triglyceride diet content and high Density Lipoprotein. Complete random design and Post Test Only Control Group was used in this research. Statistic test one way Anova was used to know the difference resulted from diet aplication, and the situation of the difference continued by Tukey Test. The Value of Triglyceride is measured by using Calorimetric Enzymatic test -Glycerol 3 Phosphate -oxidase methods and the value of HDL is measured by using Cholesterol Hydrolise -oxidase methods. The result showed that the highest value of triglyceride were on the high fat diet group ( 169 mg/dl), followed by high carbohydrate diet ( 130,2 mg/dl) and the lowest was normal diet (81,2 mg/dl). The lowest value of HDL were on the normal diet group (32,7 mg/dl), followed by high fat diet (34,2 mg/dl) and the highest was high carbohydrate diet (38,4 mg/dl). The result of the statistical test over the value of Triglyceride showed a significant difference (P=0,011) .For HDL level, it showed insignificant difference on each treatment (P=0.111). Based on the result, the high carbohydrate diet increases the value of triglyceride, so the suggestion is to pay attention to carbohydrate percentage which we consume in food .Key words: high-carbohydrate diet, high-fat diet, Triglyceride, HDL, Rattus novergicus strain wistar PENDAHULUANMeningkatnya kesejahteraan penduduk dan ketersediaan pangan mengakibatkan terjadinya perubahan pola konsumsi yang mengarah ke jenis-jenis makanan yang kaya lemak tetapi rendah karbohidrat komplek, khususnya serat pangan (1).Menurut Sastroamidjojo (2000), perubahan pola hidup meliputi pola makan. Aktifitas dan kebiasan hidup seperti merokok dan stress merupakan faktor resiko untuk terjadinya penyakit pembuluh darah (2). Aterosklerosis, sebagai gangguan pada pembuluh darah koroner merupakan akibat penimbunan plaque lipida dalam dinding arteri. Beberapa faktor yang dapat meningkatkan resiko terjadinya Aterosklerosis adalah adanya peningkatan kadar lipid darah seperti peningkatan kadar LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) darah, Kolesterol total dan Trigliserida darah serta penurunan HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) darah.Peningkatan kadar kolesterol total dan LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) darah dapat disebabkan oleh peningkatan konsumsi lemak jenuh dan kolesterol yang tinggi dalam makanan. Sedangkan peningkatan trigliserida darah atau hipertrigliserida dipengaruhi oleh faktor gen dan konsumsi makanan seperti Karbohidrat, lemak, dan alkohol. Karena itu untuk menurunkan kadar trigliserida da...

Pendahuluan: Daun lengkeng (Dimocarpus longan) adalah salah satu tanaman berasal dari daerah subtropis, dan mampu tumbuh dan berproduksi dengan baik di daerah tropis Indonesia termasuk Provinsi Bengkulu dan berkhasiat sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan: untuk membuat sediaan lotion dari ekstrak daun lengkeng dengan konsentrasi 0,5%, 1,5% dan 2,5%. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental yang bertujuan untuk membuat formulasi ekstrak daun lengkeng. Pembuatan ekstrak daun lengkeng digunakan dengan metode maserasi. Lotion dibuat dalam 3 formula dengan konsentrasi basis asam stearat yakni F1 dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 0,5%, F2 dengan konsentrasi 1,5%, F3 konsentrasi 2,5%. Hasil: Lotion dari ekstrak daun lengkeng dievaluasi selama 4 minggu meliputi organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji daya sebar, uji tipe emulsi, uji iritasi, uji kesukaan. Dari hasil penelitian ekstrak daun lengkeng dapat diformulasikan menjadi sediaan lotion. Lotion dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 0,5% pada F1 merupakan sediaan yang paling baik. Bentuk agak kental, warna hijau muda, wangi lemon, homogen dengan pH 6 dan daya sebar 5 - 7 cm, tidak mengiritasi kulit dan lebih disukai panelis. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak daun lengkeng dapat dibuat sedian lotion dengan berbagai macam konsentrasi. Sifat fisik sediaan lotion dengan variasi kadar ekstrak daun lengkeng tidak mempengaruhi kestabilan fisik lotion dan tidak mengalami perubahan selama dilakukan pengujian.

High-fat diet (HFD) induces obesity. This study examined the effects of Shiitake mushroom on the prevention of alterations of plasma lipid profiles, fat deposition, energy efficiency, and body fat index induced by HFD. Rats were given a low, medium, and high (7, 20, 60 g/kg = LD-M, MD-M, HD-M) Shiitake mushroom powder in their high-fat (50% in kcal) diets for 6 weeks. The results showed that the rats on the HD-M diet had the lowest body weight gain compared to MD-M and LD-M groups (P < 0.05). The total fat deposition was significantly lower (−35%, P < 0.05) in rats fed an HD-M diet than that of HFD group. Interestingly, plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) level was significantly lower (−55%, P < 0.05) in rats on HD-M than HFD. This study also revealed the existence of negative correlations between the amount of Shiitake mushroom supplementation and body weight gain, plasma TAG, and total fat masses.

Preventing obesity could be done by lowering plasma TAG that inhibits adipogenesis. Oat and mushroom beta-glucans in the diet has been reported to lower plasma lipid; however the data focusing on their effects on TAG and obesity are insufficient. In the present study, lowering plasma triacylglycerol, fat deposition, body weight gain (BWG) in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD) was evaluated. Rats in the control group were given HFD only and rats in the treatment group fed HFD enriched with 0.2%, 0.6% and 1.8% (wt:wt) beta-glucan from oats (LD-O, MD-O, HD-O) or mushroom (LD-M, MD-M, HD-M). After 6 weeks dietary intervention, the rats fed HD-M showed significantly lower plasma TAG, total fat mass, white adipose tissue, inguinal fat and BWG level more than HD-O treated rats (p < 0.05). The underlying mechanism in lowering plasma TAG, fat pad masses and BWG in HD-M was increasing ratio of fat faecal to faecal weight which was significantly higher than HD-O (p < 0.05). This study demonstrated that the preventing obesity via lowering plasma TAG and fat deposition was different depending on beta-glucan origin, either from oats and Shiitake mushroom