Medicinal plants and their extracts deserve special attention because of the important influence they have to human health. There are easily contaminated with metals during growth, development and processing. The aim of this study was to achieve the quantitative determination of metallic elements (Cu, Cr, Cd, Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb) in some medicinal plants including Mentha piperita L., Matricaria camomilla L., Hypericum perforatum L., Achillea millefolium L., Thymusserpillum, Capsella-bursa-pastoris L., Urtica dioica L., Primula veris L., Plantago major L., Taraxacum officinalis L., and their infusions, using flame absorption spectrometry. The highest concentration of metal in medicinal plants was that of iron 333.22 ± 35.18 mg Kg-1 and zinc 244.90 ± 32.13 mg Kg-1. Metal content in the powdered medicinal plants was in descending order: Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cr; Pb and Cd were present in minor amounts. Analysis of plant infusions showed transfer of heavy metals during extraction procedure. Monitoring the content of mineral elements in medicinal plants and their boiling water extracts is of high importance because some heavy metals in large quantities in the body may have a toxic effect.
El objetivo de esta contribución es ofrecer una visión crítica y un balance del estado actual de la reflexión sobre la autoficción en el ámbito hispanoamericano. Con este propósito ubico y analizo los principales lugares comunes en las actuales propuestas teóricas y críticas sobre la autoficción, tratando de demostrar en qué sentidos distorsionan el panorama actual de una teoría de la autoficción todavía en proceso de construcción. Señalar los lugares comunes de la crítica pasa a menudo por el análisis de las lecturas erróneas, que desenfocan planteamientos fundamentales acerca de la naturaleza de la autoficción, así como por la operación de rescate de sentidos esenciales, caídos en el olvido o mistificados. Finalmente, indico algunos caminos a seguir para la crítica, direcciones inexploradas o abandonadas antes de tiempo y que considero valiosas para una teoría de la autoficción. La reflexión se enmarca dentro de un campo literario (Bourdieu) específico, relacionando las posibilidades del género con la toma de posición (Bourdieu) representada por la obra y en diálogo con las otras posiciones existentes. Esta perspectiva sociocultural ofrece, además, la ventaja de hacer posible un análisis de las particularidades del género autoficcional en América Latina —tarea urgente y crucial de la teoría y la crítica literarias contemporáneas.
Pollution with toxic metals is a serious concern, because once these elements enter in the soil they can be present for a long time, with the potential contamination of drinking water sources. Certain metals in soil may be taken up by plants which are subsequently harvest for human consumption. Our objective was to study the presence of heavy metals in soils, groundwater sources, some medicinal plants from areas of the water sources and in its watery extracts. All of the samples, after digestion, were analyzed by flame atomic spectrophotometer. The content of heavy metals was in the permissible levels for uncontaminated soils and in the drinking water samples. Trace element of the studied medicinal plants showed wide variability on average 10-30% of microelements passed in dry raw materials to the infusions conclusions. The mean concentrations of Cd and Pb in some plants exceeded the limits recommended for medicinal plants.
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