Sarcoidosis and Still disease. (Rev Med Chile 2016; 144: 232-240)

Rev. urug. med. interna. Articulo originalEsclerosis sistémica: forma de presentación y manejo terapéutico. Experiencia de un grupo de trabajo en Enfermedades Autoinmunes Sistémicas.Systemic sclerosis: clinical presentation and therapeutic management. Experience from a systemic disease network. Esclerose sistêmica: forma de apresentação e manejo terapêutico. Experiência de um grupo de trabalho em doenças sistêmicas autoimunes.Resumen: Introducción. La esclerosis sistémica (ES) es una enfermedad crónica y heterogénea caracterizada por fibrosis de la piel y órganos internos, vasculopatía de pequeños vasos, asociada a autoanticuerpos. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer la frecuencia, forma de presentación y tratamientos practicados en nuestro medio (Uruguay). Material y Método. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de pacientes con diagnóstico de ES (según ACR/EULAR 2013), asistidos en nuestro Grupo Trabajo en Enfermedades Autoinmunes Sistémicas. Se analizaron las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, perfil clínico, compromiso parenquimatoso predominante, autoanticuerpos, capilaroscopía, tratamiento inmunosupresor recibido en los últimos 6 meses, motivo deindicación. Resultados. Se incluyeron 49 casos de ES. La mediana de edad fue 63 (25-85) años, 44 (90%) de sexo femenino. Perfil clínico: 5 (10%) ES sin esclerodermia, 19 (39%) ES difusa, 25 (51%) ES limitada. El parénquima predominantemente afectado fue: cutáneo en 42 (85,7%) casos, Raynaud 41 (83,7%), articular 27 (55,1%), tubo digestivo 24 (49%), enfermedad pulmonar intersticial (EPI) 16 (32,7%), hipertensión pulmonar 7 (14,3%), renal 3 (6,1%) y otros 2 (4,1%). Recibieron tratamiento inmunosupresor 17 (34,6%), siendo el motivo de inmunosupresión en 8 (16,3%) casos el compromiso respiratorio, en 5 (10,2%) el cutáneo y en 4 (8,2%) el articular. Este tratamiento se empleó más frecuentemente en la ES difusa (10 casos, 20,4%). Conclusiones. En nuestra serie predomina la ES limitada, el sexo femenino, compromiso cutáneo, fenómeno de Raynaud y manifestaciones articulares. Un tercio de los pacientes presentaron EPI. El uso de inmunosupresores predominó en pacientes con compromiso respiratorio y en la forma difusa.

Objectives We aimed to study the daily dose of glucocorticoids in the first month associated with damage after 5 years of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) diagnosis; and to assess the daily dose of prednisone during the first year, over which damage after 5 years could be predicted. Methodology A retrospective cohort study of SLE patients from the diagnosis and up to 5 years of follow-up was performed. Cumulative prednisone doses in the first month (T1m), at 1 year (T12m), and at 5 years (T5y) were calculated. Damage was estimated using the SLICC index and activity by the SLEDAI-2K. Damage at T5y was categorized as “present” or “absent”. To determine the cutoff point of prednisone dose for the first month and for the first year of treatment, related to damage at 5 years, a ROC curve was done. A logistic regression was performed to control damage at 5 years by the activity levels, anti-DNA titers, and the corticosteroid burden between 1 and 5 years. Results Forty-eight patients were included with a mean age of 42.4 (12.6) years; 46 (95.8%) were female. The cumulative dose in T1m associated with greater sensitivity and specificity in the ROC curve (1.54; AUC 0.793; 95% CI: 0.66–0.92) to predict glucocorticoid-related damage at 5 years of follow-up was 980mg, which leads to a daily dose for the first month of 32.6 mg/day. The daily dose during the first year associated with damage at 5 years, allowed to calculate an optimal cutoff point of 7.38 mg/day, with a sensitivity of 92.9% (AUC 0.695, 95% CI: 0.52–0.86) to predict damage at 5 years. In the logistic regression, this estimate was maintained, controlling for SLEDAI-2K and for positivity or not of anti-DNA antibodies and for the cumulative dose of prednisone between T5y and T12m. Conclusion This pilot study allows to estimate a threshold dose of 32.6 mg/day during the first month and 7.38 mg/day during the first year, over which the risk of permanent damage is high at 5 years, regardless of the activity levels and the glucocorticoid doses considered between the first and the fifth year of follow-up.

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