RESUMO -Objetivou-se determinar a dose inseminante adequada para uso na fertilização artificial de ovócitos de dourado (Salminus brasiliensis). Os ovócitos foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, e fertilizados com uma das relações espermatozoides/ovócito 6,0×10 3 ; 6,0×10 4 ; 6,0×10 5 ; 6,0×10 6 ou 3,0×10 7 , cada uma com quatro repetições.Considerou-se unidade experimental uma incubadora de volume útil de 2,5 L, contendo 2,0 mL de ovócitos não-hidratados.As taxas de fertilização foram mensuradas 8 horas após o início da fertilização. Com intuito de verificar possíveis efeitos da diluição seminal na movimentação dos espermatozoides, realizou-se a mensuração do tempo de duração da motilidade espermática dos espermatozoides de dourado, ativados por meio de diferentes relações de diluição: 6,8×10 -5 ; 6,8×10 -4 ; 6,8×10 -3 ; 6,8×10 -2 ; 3,4×10 -1 e 1,0 mL de sêmen por mL de água. O tempo de duração da motilidade foi avaliado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado composto de seis tratamentos e três repetições. As taxas de fertilização apresentaram relação quadrática com o número de espermatozoides por ovócito. As relações de diluição do sêmen tiveram efeito inversamente proporcional sobre a duração da motilidade espermática. A relação que proporcionou melhores taxas de fertilização artificial Insemination dose for artificial fertilization of dourado oocytesABSTRACT -The objective of the present study was to determine the proper insemination dose of dourado (Salminus brasiliensis) oocytes. The oocytes were placed in a randomized complete design and fertilized with one of the spermatozoa.oocytes -1 ratio, 6.0×10 3 , 6.0×10 4 , 6.0×10 5 , 6.0×10 6 , 3.0×10 7 SPZ:OOC, each one with four replications. An experimental unit was considered to be an incubator with a 2.5L useful volume containing 2.0 mL non-hydrated oocytes. The fertilization rates were measured eight hours after the start of fertilization. In order to ascertain the possible effects of seminal dilution on the spermatozoa motility, the duration time of the spermatic motility of the dourado spermatozoa was measured when activated by different dilution ratios 6.8×10 -5 ; 6.8×10 -4 ; 6.8×10 -3 ; 6.8×10 -2 ; 3.4×10 -1 and 1.0 mL semen.mL water -1 . The motility duration time was assessed in a randomized complete design, with six treatments and three repetitions. The fertilization rates showed a quadratic relationship with the number of spermatozoids per oocyte. The semen dilution ratios had an inversely proportional affect on the spermatic motility time. The spermatozoa:oocytes ratio that provided the best artificial fertilization rates of dourado (Salminus brasiliensis) oocytes was 30,722 spermatoids per oocyte.

-The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of water volume and water temperature on the sperm motility duration and the number of spermatozoa, and the water volume on the fertilization rates of oocytes of Rhinelepis aspera. Experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of semen dilutions (1.74×10-5 , 1.74×10 -4 , 1.74×10 -3 , 1.74×10 -2 , 1.74×10 -1 and 1.00 mL of sperm.mL -1 of water) and water temperature (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50 °C) on spermatozoa motility duration. In addition, the effects of insemination dose (7×10 3 , 7×10 4 , 7×10 5 , 7×10 6 and 7×10 7 spermatozoa.oocyte -1 ) and water volume (1.0, 30.0, 60.0, 90.0 and 120.0 mL water.2.0 mL -1 oocytes) on the artificial fertilization rates of oocytes were evaluated. The longest sperm motility duration were observed for the semen dilution of 1.74×10 -5 mL semen.mL -1 water and in water at 5 °C. The highest fertilization rates were obtained for insemination doses between 7.00×10 3 and 1.23×10 7 spermatozoa. oocyte -1 and water volume of 28.11 mL water.2.0 mL -1 oocytes.

No abstract

-The objective of this work was to investigate artificial fertilization and the duration of sperm motility in pacu with different insemination doses, water volume, and in natura semen preservation. It was carried out four experimentsfor evaluation of insemination doses (7×10 3 , 7×10 4 , 7×10 5 , 7×10 6 , and 7×10 7 spermatozoa oocytes -1 ) on the artificial fertilization of oocytes; the effect of water volume (0.5, 15.0, 30.0, 45.0, and 60.0 mL water mL -1 of oocyte) with insemination doses of 105,481 and 210,963 spermatozoa oocytes -1 ; the effect of semen dilutions (0.005, 0.05, 0.5, and 5.0 μL semen mL -1 of water) on sperm motility duration; and the effect of storage at 15°C for 9h on sperm motility duration and sperm survival ratio. The highest results obtained were: insemination doses from 7×10 3 to 7×10 7 spermatozoa oocytes -1 ; from 15 to 60mL water mL -1 of oocytes; semen dilution of 0.005 μL semen/mL water and 98.65% sperm survival until 2h45min 36s preservation time. Preservation at 15°C for 9h does not influence sperm motility duration. The highest fertilization rates can be observed by using 0.27 to 270 μL semen mL -1 of oocytes with 15 at 60 mL water for activation.Key Words: fish, gametes, insemination doses, Myleinae, reproduction Fertilização artificial de ovócitos e ativação espermática em pacus: efeito da razão espermatozoide:ovócito, volume de água e preservação do sêmen in natura RESUMO -Objetivou-se foi avaliar a fertilização artificial e a duração da motilidade espermática em pacus com diferentes doses inseminantes, volumes de água e preservação do sêmen in natura. Foram realizados quatro experimentos para avaliação do efeito de doses inseminantes (7×10 3 , 7×10 4 , 7×10 5 , 7×10 6 e 7×10 7 espermatozoides ovócito -1 ) sobre a fertilização artificial dos ovócitos; do efeito do volume de água (0,5; 15,0; 30,0; 45,0 e 60,0 mL de água mL -1 de ovócitos) com doses inseminantes de 105.481 e 210.963 espermatozoides ovócito -1 ; do efeito de diluição do sêmen (0,005; 0,05; 0,5 e 5,0 μL de sêmen mL -1 de água) sobre a duração da motilidade espermática; e do efeito do armazenamento a 15 °C por 9 h sobre a duração da motilidade espermática e o índice de sobrevivência espermática. Os maiores resultados obtidos foram: doses inseminantes entre 7×10 3 e 7×10 7 espermatozoides ovócito -1 ; 15 a 60 mL de água mL -1 de ovócitos; diluição de 0.005 μL sêmen mL -1 de água e 98,65% de sobrevivência espermática até o tempo de preservação de 2h45min36s. A preservação a 15°C por 9 horas não influencia a duração da motilidade espermática. As maiores taxas de fertilização podem ser observadas no emprego de 0,27 a 270 μL de sêmen mL -1 de ovócitos, com 15 a 60 mL de água para ativação.Palavras-chave: dose inseminante, gametas, Myleinae, peixe, reprodução Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

The objective of this study was to assess the effects of an activating solution on the sperm motility duration (SMD) of Ôcurimbata´Õ, Prochilodus lineatus through of the definition of qualitative and quantitative parameters of the semen pool used in the experiment; evaluation of the effects of different ratios of semen dilution corresponding to 1 : 1, 1 : 2, 1 : 20, 1 : 200, 1 : 2000, 1 : 20 000 and 1 : 100 000 semen:dilute solution on the SMD and, assessment of the effects of different temperatures of the activating solution (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50°C) on the SMD. The results of SMD were directly proportional to the dilution (P < 0.05), starting from the dilution of 1 : 2 (semen:water), with 23.04 s. Were used three replicates of the semen pool for each test. Two-year-old brookstock were maintained in ponds culture conditions. In November-December 2006, twelve mature males broodfish were selected (mean weight and length of 405.8 ± 134.2 g and 25.6 ± 3.1 cm, respectively). The males released that semen under slight pressure of the urogenital papilla were selected for the experiment. The SMD increased proportionally to the increase in dilution, until it reached a maximum of 28.83 s for the ratio 1 : 100 000 semen: dilute solution. The results of SMD in relation to the temperature of the activating solution exhibited a quadratic behavior (P < 0.05) with a maximum theoretical performance in terms of sperm motility duration of 21.36 s at a temperature of 17.3°C. Thus, for the species considered, the increase in the dilution ratio proved favorable for the rise in motility duration until the maximum value studied of 1 : 100 000 semen:dilute solution. As for the temperature of the activating solution, the best results of SMD were obtained at the temperature of 17.3°C. At higher temperatures used in the experiment (25, 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50°C), a decrease in motility duration.