Turkey is at the centre of refugee movements due to historical and geographical reasons. This article analyzes distinct Ottoman and Turkish policies regarding refiıges and asylum seekers. Turkey signed the 1951 Convention and its 1967 Protocol with a geographical restriction. The implications of such a limitation, Turkish experience with a number of mass influxes of refugees, current refugee flows particularly from the Middle East, the 1994 Regulations and the UNHCR's role to conduct refugee status determination and resettlement will be evaluated.

This article analyzes the changing role of the United Nations in the post-Cold War era. After the end of the Cold War, many internal conflicts broke out in different parts of the world. There was a dramatic demand for the UN peacekeeping operations. Thus, the UN started to challenge traditional norms of international politics, such as state sovereignty, non-intervention into domestic affairs, and non-use of force in peacekeeping operations, and itself as an international organization. Within this context, this paper vvill examine the UN peacekeeping operations in the post-Cold War era; former Secretary General Boutros Ghali's "An Agenda for Peace"; case studies of Bosnia, Somalia, Rvvanda, Haiti and Cambodia; blurring distinction betvveen peacekeeping and peace enforcement; and humanitarian intervention of the UN. The article also seeks to analyze structural reform proposals for the UN to respond the challenges it faces today. Current issues of the Security Council reform proposals and fınancing the UN vvill be discussed.

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