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Abstract. In the present work, changes of material structure under the action of applied stress with the aid of the photometric analysis of structure images (PHASI) are discussed. For this purpose, amorphous and polycrystalline Fe-Zr-B alloy samples were subjected to the action of mechanical loads in a special setup. Then their surface was investigated without unloading by PHASI, which was developed by the authors. The method is based on the combined analysis of the surface areas of the samples and the spectra of the brightness of their visible light reflection The PHASI method makes it possible to reveal and quantitatively characterize the structural changes in material upon deformation. It clearly fixes the beginning of the development of main crack at the stage of its transition to the steady growth and, thus, can be considered as a technical tool for early diagnostics of the failure of constructions.