Chagas disease-associated cardiomyopathy is clinically similar to other causes of cardiomyopathy and, therefore, the diagnosis can be easily overlooked. We found a 13% point prevalence of Chagas disease in a sample of New York City immigrants with dilated cardiomyopathy.

In the present study, bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix, was monthly collected from commercial fishing boats operating in the Marmara Sea between January and December 2014. The relationship between total length and otolith size of 346 bluefish samples were examined. Total lengths of females, males and unidentified samples were ranged from between 13.2-37.0, 12.3-34.8 and 13.0-31.6 cm, respectively. Otolith lengths were between 3.82-12.60 mm and otolith width were between 1.59-4.34 mm for all samples. It was found that there is a strong correlations between otolith length-total length (r 2 =0.88) and otolith width-total length (r 2 0.81).

The population structure of the bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus, 1766), in Turkish waters is scarcely described in the literature. To identify any distinct population units of bluefish, and reaffirm the findings of a previous study, four areas were selected: the Aegean Sea, western Black Sea, eastern Black Sea, and the Sea of Marmara. In this study, truss network morphometrics, meristics, and otolith shape analyses were successfully applied for different population identification of the bluefish. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed no differences for truss network morphometrics, meristic, and otolith shape characters between males and females. Hence, both sexes were combined for the discriminant function (DFA) and the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Using univariate ANOVA based on the stepwise method revealed a highly significant difference among different locations for each truss-morphometrics and otolith shape characters. Furthermore, six out of seven meristic characters also showed significant differences between different areas. Based on PCA, 25 out of 27 truss-morphometric characters had a loading value above 0.70, which was considered significant in this study. The results of DFA show clear patterns of truss-morphometric character variations, forming four distinct clusters that were well separated from each other, indicating the existence of four morphologically differentiated populations of the bluefish. The proportion of the correctly classified Aegean Sea, western Black Sea, and eastern Black Sea bluefish samples to their original groups were 100%, demonstrating clear separation of these stocks from each other. Whereas up to 5% of the total samples of the Sea of Marmara were incorrectly classified, assigning to the eastern Black Sea. These findings were supported by meristic and otolith shape characters that also indicated four morphologically differentiated populations of the bluefish. However, their overall proportion of correct classification was relatively lower than the truss-morphometric traits method. The findings suggest the requirement of strategic assessment and management of each bluefish stock separately to use them sustainably in the future.

The reaction of N-substituted benzimidazole with 4-bromobutyronitrile gives the corresponding benzimidazolium salts as N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) precursors. Silver(I) carbene complexes are synthesized by the reaction of the corresponding benzimidazolium salts with Ag 2 O in dichloromethane. These new NHC precursors and Ag-NHC complexes were characterized by spectroscopy techniques and also screened for their antibacterial activities against the standard bacterial strains Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis, and the standard fungal strains Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, and promising results were achieved. The compounds were also analyzed by density functional theory (DFT)/time-dependent DFT and docking methods.

Bu çalışma, 2014 Yılı Ocak-Aralık dönemleri arasında lüfer Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus, 1766) balığının büyüme ve üreme özelliklerini araştırmak için Marmara Denizi'nden aylık ticari balıkçılardan rastgele yöntemle örnekleme yapılarak toplam 1023 örnek incelenmiştir. Örneklerin total boy dağılımı 12,3-47,3 cm aralığında değişim gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Tüm örnek bireylerin boy-ağılık ilişkisi W=0,0107L 2,9574 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan t-testi ile büyüme şeklinin izometrik (b=3, P˃0,05) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yaş-boy değerleri kullanılarak von Bertalanffy boyca büyüme denklemi Lt=48,7[1-e-0,247(t+1,677) ], büyüme performans indeksi (ɸ´) ise 2,757 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Aylık Gonadosomatik indeksin (GSI) takibi ile üremenin ağırlıklı olarak Mayıs ile Ağustos ayları arasında gerçekleştiği ve Temmuz ayında zirveye ulaştığı tespit edilmiştir.