In this study, the use of a sonic instrument to prepare the lateral window osteotomy during sinus elevation procedures resulted in a reduced perforation rate of the Schneiderian membrane compared with the conventional turbine instrument.

The dimension of the horizontal offset would play a minimal role in reducing bone remodeling, whereas the configuration of the transmucosal component would directly influence marginal bone remodeling.

Use of NDIs was able to provide a statistically significant reduction in need for bone grafting among completely edentulous patients. More clinical longitudinal studies are necessary to confirm the long-term success of their use.

This study demonstrates the frequency of the MIC in OPGs and suggests that this anatomical structure should be considered to prevent injury during surgery.