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The development of multiple Discrete Multitone (DMT) Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) flavors on a single platform can benefit considerably by a programmable architecture, which feature Digital Signal Processors (DSP) and Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), especially when fast prototyping is targeted. However, the flexibility assumed to be offered by algorithmic partitioning does not automatically and proportionally simplify the digital signal processing algorithms, unless the effects of overflow/saturation in intermediate processing stages are carefully studied. The effects of overflow/saturation in intermediate stages is very critical throughout the design process, since the operations involved are nonlinear in nature and affect the most significant bits of the computational process. This paper presents an efficient soft-core implementation of a Block Floating Point FFT (BLFP) algorithm, designed for a Very high-speed DSL (VDSL) DMT systems and for the full variety of other xDSL DMT flavors, as the latter demand an extended dynamic range to achieve performance that may otherwise be only warranted by costly floating-point chip implementations.

The pre-season period in basketball includes all the physiological attributes that the players need to work on and develop, in order to sustain a full season workload. The monitoring of the effectiveness of pre-season training is based on a variety of biochemical and physiological indices; however, it is still unclear how pre-season training affects those markers. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effects of pre-season training on biochemical and physiological markers. A search was performed in five large scientific databases (Pubmed (Medline), Scopus, Science-Direct, Sport-Discus (EBSCO), Semantic Scholar) and produced 7081 results, which after removing duplicates and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulted in 28 published scientific articles being included in this review. The most important findings suggested that the majority of the studies used a 6- or an 8-week pre-season training protocol, because these protocols have shown significant positive effects over the years. In addition, the plyometric training protocols that were used by many studies have been found to be beneficial for basketball athletes for many physiological parameters. Furthermore, the evaluation of biochemical markers can be a very useful tool in monitoring and managing fatigue, which is an essential part of modifying the training process, in order to maximize performance.