Bryophytes, the first non-vascular embryophytes, are an interesting component of phytodiversity. North-East India can be considered as a hub of bryo-floristic species due to its suitable climatic condition butecological research on bryo-flora is in infancy. Therefore, to assess the diversity and distribution ofbryophytes, we conducted a literature review. From our study, about 23000 species of bryophytes arerecorded in world and nearly 2489 taxa are noted from India among which 340 species are endemic. InNorth-Eastern India, about 1786 of bryophytes are abundantly distributed and most of the endemic specieshave been recorded from Sikkim. Diversity of bryophytes acts as one of the important ecological indicators.A new vision of research has been provided by this review paper on the diversity of bryophytes andconservation of endemic species for future aspects.