Child abuse represents a serious problem worldwide. In Arab countries, the problem is complicated because abuse may be perceived as a method of discipline. This review aimed to describe awareness of the public in Saudi Arabia regarding child abuse. A search was performed in the databases of MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Academic Search Complete (EBSCOhost), and Web of Science for articles published in English from the 1 st of January, 2000, to the 14 th of November, 2022. The search was conducted during the period from the 7 th to the 14 th of November 2022. The used search words were {"Child Abuse"} AND {"Saudi Arabia"} AND {"awareness"}. The risk of bias (ROB) was assessed using the Risk of Bias Instrument for Cross-Sectional Surveys of Attitudes and Practices. Six studies were included in this review. Most studies had high ROB in recruiting the participants, designing the questionnaires, and stating the rate of response. The awareness regarding physical abuse seemed fair in most studies, but the awareness about shaken baby syndrome was poor. Also, there was a misconception about the parent's right to discipline their children through corporal punishment. Most participants did not perceive a need for establishing protective laws or programs. Public awareness about emotional abuse and neglect was lower than in cases of physical abuse. The overall knowledge about child abuse seems to be fair, but poor knowledge was observed in some forms, such as shaken baby syndrome. The public concepts about physical punishment and the need for protective laws and programs are also negative and require more efforts to alter them.

Anemia remains a global health problem in the 21stcentury. Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type. Childrenare especially vulnerable to the detrimental health consequences of anemia including fatigability, predisposition to repeated infections, and cognitive impairment. Iron deficiency anemia is considered the most prevalent type of nutritional anemia. Insufficient dietary iron intake, decreased iron absorption, and excess iron loss can cause iron deficiency.Accordingly, malnutrition plays a role in the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia. Saudi Arabia is now in advanced nutrition transition, which means the rates of obesity are high together with malnutrition. In this review, we shed light on the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among the pediatric population of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. We also focus on the burden of malnutrition and its association with anemia, and evaluate the strategies needed to combat these health problems. Further research all over the Kingdom is needed to expose the full magnitude of anemia. Monitoring of the implementation of the previously existing health programs is needed.