Background The incidence of childhood ALL in Indonesia is still largely unknown. The widely mentioned statistics from other countries turn out to be only estimated figures. Other data do not specify the types of leukemia and are not specifically focused on children. Therefore, this study aims to pool incidence and mortality statistics from available studies in Indonesia. Methods We searched five different academic databases, including Pubmed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Three Indonesian databases, such as the Indonesian Scientific Journal Database (ISJD), Neliti, and Indonesia One Search, were also utilized. Incidence was expressed as per 100,000 children. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) to assess the quality of cohort studies. The inclusion criteria are cohort studies published in the languages of English or Indonesian. For this analysis, we define children as 0–18 years old. Findings The incidence rate for childhood ALL was found to be 4.32 per 100,000 children (95% CI 2.65–5.99) with a prediction interval of 1.98 to 9.42 per 100,000 children. The incidence rate is higher in males, with 2.45 per 100,000 children (95% CI 1.98–2.91) and a prediction interval of 1.90 to 3.16 per 100,000 children. As for females, the incidence rate is 2.05 per 100,000 children (95% CI 1.52–2.77) with a prediction interval of 1.52 to 2.77 per 100,000 children. The mortality of childhood ALL ranges from 0.44 to 5.3 deaths per 100,000 children, while the CFR is 3.58% with varying true effect sizes of 2.84% to 4.52%. Interpretation With 79.5 million children living in Indonesia in 2018, this means that there were roughly 3,434 new cases of childhood ALL. An organized effort between multiple sectors is needed to improve the registries of childhood ALL in Indonesia.

Latar belakang. Salah satu komplikasi sindrom nefrotik (SN) adalah gangguan metabolisme mineral, yaitu hipokalsemia, yang dapat menyebabkan tetani, gangguan pembentukkan tulang, dan penyakit tulang metabolik. Penyakit SN merupakan kelainan glomerulus yang ditandai dengan proteinuria, hipoalbuminemia, dan edema. Pada proteinuria, protein-binding berukuran sedang ikut terbuang. Setengah jumlah kalsium total serum berikatan dengan protein (terutama albumin), akibatnya hipoalbuminemia yang terjadi pada anak SN dapat menyebabkan hipokalsemia.Tujuan. Penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kadar albumin dan kalsium serum pada anak SN.Metode. Penelitian dengan rancangan cross-sectional terhadap 43 anak SN yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan diambil secara consecutive admission yang berobat/dirawat di Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RS dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung mulai bulan Juli sampai September 2007 kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar albumin dan kalsium serum. Untuk melihat keeratan hubungan antara kadar albumin dan kalsium serum dilakukan analisis dengan menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson, serta untuk melihat bentuk hubungannya dilakukan analisis regresi linier.Hasil. Subjek terdiri dari 33 (77%) anak laki-laki dan 10 (23%) anak perempuan, berusia rata-rata 6,80 (SB 3,39) tahun. Diperoleh hasil rata-rata kadar albumin serum 1,50 (SB 0,377) g/dL, dan kalsium serum 7,27 (SB 0,772) mg/dL. Hasil analisis korelasi Pearson menunjukkan korelasi (r=0,547) yang sangat bermakna (p=0,000) antara kadar albumin dan kalsium serum. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan hubungan linier yang positif antara kadar albumin (x) dan kalsium serum (y), dengan persamaan Ý = 5,59 + 1,12 x.Kesimpulan. Semakin menurun kadar albumin serum pada anak yang menderita sindrom nefrotik, semakin menurun kadar kalsium serum.

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