Background: Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is a benign salivary gland tumour with high incidence and recurrence after treatment. It may recur with the same appearance or develop toward malignancy, namely as carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA). Howthis tumour can transform into a CXPA remains unclear. Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyse the possibility of pathogenesis and progressivity of PA to CXPA. Methods: Twenty-four samples of PA and three control samples of CXPA were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (HE), Mallory’s trichrome, and Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS). All of the PA cases were identified through different kinds of stroma, tumour cells types, morphologic patterns, or else through atypical appearance of the PA similar to the CXPA. Results: Twenty-four samples of PA demonstrated that the most dominant stroma was myxofibrous, and the dominant tumour cell type was plasmacytoid cells with a trabecular pattern. Additionally, in the pleomorphic histological picture of adenomas we found several patterns of malignant tumour behaviour, including pseudopodia, metaplasia and hyalinisation, and cholesterol crystals that are thought to come from fat cell necrosis derived from adipose metaplasia. Conclusions: PA displays several atypical characteristics that have the potential to develop into malignancies such as CXPA, due to capsular infiltration, necrosis, hyalinization and high mitotic activity of cells, but all these atypical characteristics that we observed still cannot be clearly classified as CXPA because they require other specific examinations.

Objective: The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of Tq to re-epithelialization at the margin of tooth socket post extraction in diabetic rats. Material and Methods: Used 27 rats were induced diabetic with streptozotocin (STZ) dose of 50 mg/kg body weight of rats which divided into 3 groups that has been stained with hematoxillin-eosin and cytokeratin 19. They are P1 treated with thymoquinone (Tq), P2 treated with metformin, and K without treatment. Each group consist of 9 rats were divided into 3 subgroups based on day of observation.They are 3rd, 7th and 10th day post-extraction. Re-epithelialization was observed at the margin of the tooth socket that has been stained with hematoxillin-eosin and cytokeratin 19 Results: showed there was an improvement of re epithelialization percentage in the Tq treatment group compared with P2 and K groups. Conclusion: Thymoquinone extract may decrease blood glucose level and increasing re-epithelialization in margin of the tooth socket after extraction in diabetic rats. Cite this Article: Syafriadi M, Yusuf PR, Pratama SM, Ummah DZ, Amalia K. 2018. The correlation of consuming thymoquinone extract of nigella sativa to tooth socket re-epithelization on diabetic induced rats. Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science 3(2): 79-83.

Background: Tooth eruption begins after crown and root formation and may be delayed by gestational diabetes mellitus. Metformin can control blood glucose levels through gluconeogenesis inhibition, and consuming thymoquinone for diabetic treatment will regenerate pancreatic β cells and reduce oxidative stress. Purpose: The objective of this study is to compare the tooth eruption in rats that were born with diabetes and are being treated with either metformin or thymoquinone. Methods: This study used 48 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus L.), and the rat sample was divided into four groups, including rats who were born from healthy mothers, rats who were born from untreated diabetic mothers, rats who were born from diabetic mothers that were treated with metformin and rats who were born from diabetic mothers that were treated with thymoquinone. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg BB). Each rat sample was taken with simple random sampling from different mothers, and body weight, blood glucose levels and levels of tooth eruption were recorded. Eruptions of the maxillary right first molar were measured from the cusp of the tooth to the alveolar epithelial lining. Results: Based on the measurements of tooth eruption, it was found that groups A, C and D were closer to mucosa on day 1, 7 and 14 than group B. Based on statistical analysis, there were significant differences (p = 0.03) between group B and groups C and D. Conclusions: Rats born from untreated diabetic mothers have more delays in tooth eruption than those born from diabetic mothers who are treated with metformin and thymoquinone. Thymoquinone has the potential to be an alternative to metformin because it has been shown to be similarly effective.