Recognizing the facts of high cost, depleting natural feedstocks of energy and materials along with resulting effects by their production and use on environmental emission of green house gases into environment, potential efforts have been made on the use of low-cost, abundant availability, eco-friendly, and energysaving plant fibers-based biocomposites (PBB) and process. Properties of plant fiber-based biocomposites largely influenced by a number of variables, like fiber types, modification of fibers, processing techniques, and environmental condition. This chapter summarized the ancient to recent research on development of plant fibers-based green and sustainable composite materials types along with processing techniques and properties. Plant fibers-based biocomposites have been usefully used in the field of automobile, construction, packaging, medical, and other.
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