Today's managers are working hard to improve their performance in the face of increasing competition and obstacles. Organizational objectives can only be met if employees are engaged with their jobs. In addition, they indicated that further research is needed to determine how it affects performance. Emotional involvement in the workplace can be described as "putting one's heart and soul into one's work. The study aimed to investigate the impact of work engagement on boosting productivity at selected private businesses in Erbil. The research hypothesis was tested using a quantitative research approach. As requested by participants, the researcher withheld any identifying information from published findings, so that no one would be able to identify the firms involved. Only 97 of the 110 questionnaires provided by the researcher at private enterprises in Kurdistan were filled out and returned by the participants. The findings showed that work engagement has a positive and significant influence on boosting productivity at selected private businesses in Erbil.

The current study aimed to examine the influence of three different leadership style including (authoritarian leadership style, democratic leadership style, laissez faire leadership style on work environment at selected private businesses in Erbil. The current study applied quantitative research method to measure the developed research hypotheses. The study prepared a questionnaire consists of different sections; including questions regarding to the authoritarian leadership, certain questions regarding to the democratic leadership, moreover several questions regarding to the Laissez-Faire leadership styles and lastly set questions about work environment at private businesses. The findings revealed that the most powerful leadership style with associated with work environment was Laissez-Faire leadership followed by democratic leadership style and the lowest value was for authoritarian leadership style.

Mainly, the purpose of this research is to investigate the factors that influence stock market investment in Kurdistan, specifically in Erbil. Emerging markets can also benefit from these marketplaces in order to improve their economies; however, certain emerging countries may be inexperienced with the procedure at this point in time. If you are a business searching for profitable investment options, the stock exchange is an excellent choice. Because these markets are where monetary transactions take place, investors often take their chances in these markets based on research into projected earnings and risks associated with those investments. Due to the enormous risks involved with high-revenue investments, most investors prefer low-risk, low-revenue enterprises instead of high-revenue ones. The current research was conducted in a quantitative manner, which was then examined. The research was carried out in the Iraqi city of Erbil. Following the distribution of 95 surveys, only 82 questionnaires were received and properly completed by the researcher. An investigation into the elements that influence stock market investing was carried out by the researcher using single regression analysis. Following that, there is a strong relationship between supply and demand, which is represented by the economy factor, which is represented by a third component called competition, and finally the political aspect, which is represented by the lowest value. According to the data, supply and demand appear to have a significant impact on the amount of money invested in Kurdistan's stock exchange.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of corporative governance on international context in private business in Erbil. A random sampling technique was used, where all employees had equal chances of being selected for the sample. The study was carried out at private business in Erbil. The researchers distributed 170 questionnaires, only 156 questionnaires were received and from 156 questionnaires only 144 questionnaires were completed properly. Corporative governance can be an effective tool that many countries across the world can use to reduce such disparities evident in most firms. The findings revealed that the correlation between corporative governance factor as independent factor and International Context as dependent factor. The value of R for the Corporative governance = .386** which indicates that turnover is significantly but has weak correlation with International Context. Moreover, it was found that the value Beta for turnover = .386> 0.01, this indicates that turnover factor was positively and weak correlation with corporative governance.

The present research aimed to investigate the mediation role of employee turnover factors including (employee overworked, lack of feedback, lack of growth, lack of recognition, lack of reward) with job satisfaction. The current research attempted to measure five research hypotheses developed earlier in this study. For this reason, the study employed quantitative method to examine the mediation role. An online questionnaire was prepared by the researchers through developing and adapting survey from different sources. The study was able to gather 78 filled questionnaires. The findings showed that a Sobel test revealed that organizational culture strongly mediates the association between employee turnover factors (employee overworked, lack of feedback, lack of growth, lack of recognition, lack of reward) and job satisfaction in selected private businesses in Iraq's Kurdistan.