The anthocyanins in Ficus padana were extracted and identified by using high-performance liquid chromatography/diode array detection and electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS Keywords: Ficus padana; anthocyanin; HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS; antioxidant activity ABSTRAK Senyawa antosianin di dalam buah Ficus padana diekstraksi dan diidentifikasi dengan menggunakan kromatrografi cair kinerja tinggi diode array detektor dan spektrometer massa/elektron spray ionisasi (KCKT-DAD-ESI-SM). Antosianin dideteksi dengan membandingkan antara data spektral masa antosianin yang di dapat dengan data yang sudah dipublikasi. Senyawa pertama (puncak 1) diidentifikasi sebagai pelargonidin [3][4][5][6]

Anthocyanin compound have been successfully extracted from plantain bud (Musa x paradisiaca L) which can used as natural colorant and antioxidant. Anthocyanin compound was extracted using maceration method with solvent ethanol that has been acidified with acetic acid and citric acid until pH 1.5. The extract anthocyanin is identified by UV-Vis spectrophotometer (260-800 nm) and retrieved two peaks that are 277 nm (UV) and 533 nm (Visible). Further treatment is carried out with KCKT-DAD at a wavelength 516 nm. Anthocyanin treatment given temperature and pH. Total anthocyanin monomeric obtained for ethanol + acetic acid was 30.22 mg/L; ethanol + citric acid was 18.20 mg/L. The warming influence of the anthocyanin compound lead to degradation of color is highest for ethanol + acetic citric on temperature 100 o C with percentage degradation of 61.97 %. The antioxidant activity of the extract was measured by 1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) the result showed that the anthocyanin extracts from Plantain bud has antioxidant activity ethanol + acetic citric acid extract is very active as an antioxidant with IC 50 values of 3,74 mg/L.

The ricinoleic of Castor Oil was dehydrated by various dehydrator agent (P2O5, K2CO3, H3PO4, NaHSO4, Al2O3, molecular sieve and activated bentonite at 450 °C - HCl) on the same condition (150 °C, mol ratio 1:1 and 2 hours ). The compositions of Refined Ricinus Castor Oil as starting material were : 0.92% palmitic , 5.56% linoleic , 4.07% octadecanoic , 1.22% stearic and 85.06% ricinoleic. The spesific wave number of IR was bandwith 3411 cm-1 caused of hydroxyl (-OH) group of ricinoleic at C-12 as main component. The product was Dehydrated Castor Oil (DCO) mixed of linoleic (omega 6) [C18 : 2 (9,12)] and Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) [C18: 2 (9,11)]. The best dehydrator was P2O5 based on three parameters were : Free Fatty Acid (FFA) nearly the same (1.855% of Castor oil and 2.139% of DCO), the most increased of Iodium value (49.860 mg/g of Castor oil in to 63.090 mg/g of DCO), and the most decresed of hydroxyl number (28.27 mg of Castor oil in to 17.75 mg/g of DCO). To optimized the dehydration was done by various number of P2O5 (3g, 5g and 7g), tempereture (room, 100 °C and 150 °C) and time (2h, 2.5h, 3h, and 3.5h). The optimal conditon of dehydration was not found yet. Some of sugestted or idea for dehydration were: dehydration must be done by base or netral, non oxydator dehydrator, mol ratio 1:1, temperature (100-150 °C) and 2-3.5 h. Based on GC-MS the best DCO (7g P2O5, 150 °C and 3.5 h) were showed that the decrease of ricinoleic 14.13% (85.08% of Castor Oil in to 70.93% of DCO), increased linoleic 2.09% (5.56 of Castor oil in to 7.65% of DCO) and conducted of 9.09% CLA. Some new peaks between linoleic and ricinoleic are maybe isomer's of linoleic and CLA. The wave number of cunjugated alkene (C=C) (1666.3 cm-1) of IR spectra of DCO together with GC-MS chromatogram's to indicated that linoleic and CLA were conducted.   Keywords: castor oil, risinoleic, dehydration, omega 6 dan CLA