The article reveals the content of the military logistics basic terms. Different approaches to the construction of conceptual foundations, structure and functionality of this area are considered. The meaning of the term “logistics of the defense sector” is substantiated. The spheres and functionality of military logistics are outlined. The conditions for the integration of logistics and medical support systems, which are able to provide support to all components of the defense forces and the civilian population of the country, have been studied. The research is based on the main strategic goals of the state in the framework of defense reform: the National Security Strategy of Ukraine to ensure Ukraine’s integration into the European Union and the formation of conditions for NATO membership. Approaches to structuring definitions and concepts of modern military logistics taking into account the military-political realities of Ukraine are offered. The term “military logistics” is proposed to be interpreted in two ways: first, as a practical activity (a means of implementing operational, tactical or strategic tasks of the defense sector in real resources and time); secondly, as a scientific field aimed at developing models for optimizing the logistics processes of the state defense sector.