This paper examines the relationship between productivity differentials and firm turnover in Vietnamese manufacturing. We utilize firm‐level data between 2000 and 2009, including the year 2007, when Vietnam joined the World Trade Organization. Our major findings are twofold. First, the productivity of entrants, survivors and exiters increased simultaneously from 2006 to 2007. This result suggests that the cut‐off productivity level increased after trade liberalization. Second, the resource reallocation between firms was facilitated after the liberalization. These findings are consistent with the implications of the recent models of international trade and firm heterogeneity.

This paper attempts to measure the effect of resource misallocation on aggregate manufacturing total factor productivity, focusing on Vietnamese manufacturing firms during the period 2000–2009. One of the major findings of this paper is that there would have been substantial improvement in aggregate total factor productivity in Viet Nam in the absence of distortions. The results imply that potential productivity gains from removing distortions in Vietnamese manufacturing are large. We also find that smaller firms tend to face advantageous distortions, while larger firms tend to face disadvantageous ones. Moreover, the efficient size distribution is more dispersed than the actual size distribution. These results suggest that Viet Nam's policies may constrain its largest and most efficient producers, and coddle its smallest and least efficient ones.

Objective: To assess the initial outcomes of cochlear implant (CI) surgery and the auditory recovery of the patients underwent CI surgery at the Ear-Nose-Throat Department, 108 Military Central Hospital from January 2016 to June 2020. Subject and method: Twenty-two CI recipients were included in this study. Result: 50% of the included subjects was younger than six years old, had prelingual and severe to profound hearing loss bilaterally. No severe complications was observed except the two cases with minor ones. Postoperatively, 80 - 90% of the subjects was able to recognize and discriminate the environmental sounds and the six ling sounds. Postoperative free field tests gained to normal or mild hearing loss. Conclusion: CI surgery is an effective approach for managing cases with severe to profound hearing loss.