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Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time. It is a real and rapid phenomenon which, perhaps, does not dramatically affect people today but will certainly have harmful effects on future generations. It has led to the weakening of ecosystems and accelerated the degradation of natural resources. This situation has prompted the scientific world to sound the alarm to warn of its environmental and socio-economic impacts. This study seeks to analyze the dynamics of land use in Djirnda municipality in climate change. A pixel-based classification approach and the maximum likelihood algorithm were retained. The data used concerns Landsat images from 1986, 2000 and 2015. The post-classification comparison method is used to detect changes in the classified images. The overall accuracy of the classifications gives satisfactory results with 90 % for 1986, 89 % for 2000 and 91 % for 2015 and a respective Kappa coefficient of 89 %, 85 % and 90 %. The results of land use dynamics revealed an increase in mangroves (1553.13 ha) and salt lands (957.15 ha), and a regression in water surface (- 458.64 ha) and mudflats (- 2051.64 ha).

The climate is now subject to wide variations. Storms with torrential rains are noted in the western USA, acute droughts in the Sahel, floods in Bangladesh, China, India and Vietnam, and rising temperatures leading to thaws in the Arctic and Antarctic. Climate models and observations reveal the frequency of extreme events and the resumption of rains in recent years. This increase in rainfall, which brings hope to developing countries dependent on rain-fed agriculture, is upsetting African cities by the recurrence of the floods it generates. These cities, resembling large villages, lack everything: failure or lack of sanitation networks, lack of adequate urban policy. The city of Tambacounda is under-equipped and facing the problem of flooding. After the rain, housing, infrastructure and roads are submerged by storm water. Analysis of control strategies shows that serious measures are not being taken to eradicate this scourge in the city. The control techniques (totally incoherent and totally disorderly) developed by the population revolve around the filling of ravines and low parts (45% of respondents), the installation of sandbags (40%), serving as, the storefront of dwellings and digging trenches to facilitate storm runoff (15%).The only reliable and effective technique (ONAS remediation plan) defined by the State is still in the draft stage.

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