Flower color variation among plant populations might reflect adaptation to local conditions such as the interacting animal community. In the northwest Iberian Peninsula, flower color of Gentiana lutea varies longitudinally among populations, ranging from orange to yellow. We explored whether flower color is locally adapted and the role of pollinators and seed predators as agents of selection by analyzing the influence of flower color on (i) pollinator visitation rate and (ii) escape from seed predation and (iii) by testing whether differences in pollinator communities correlate with flower color variation across populations. Finally, (iv) we investigated whether variation in selective pressures explains flower color variation among 12 G. lutea populations. Flower color influenced pollinator visits and differences in flower color among populations were related to variation in pollinator communities. Selective pressures on flower color vary among populations and explain part of flower color differences among populations of G. lutea. We conclude that flower color in G. lutea is locally adapted and that pollinators play a role in this adaptation.
This paper analyzes the effect of the spatial characteristics and intensity of land use on vascular plant species richness in Castanea (Chestnut) woodlots of the northwestern Iberian Peninsula included in the category ''9260 Castanea sativa woodland'' (Annex I, DC 92/43 European Community). Digital maps were used to characterize 30 woodlots for which land use intensity was estimated and all plants found were inventoried. The results show that woodlot shape and land use intensity have a significant effect on vascular plant richness and indicator species number. However, an analysis of the interaction between woodlot characteristics and land use intensity suggests that the response of vascular plant species to land use intensity does not exhibit a uniform pattern and that it is modulated by the shape of the woodlots. We conclude that restricting the use of these types of woods to traditional practices must be determined in keeping with the specific characteristics of each woodlot, since the moderate management of Castanea sativa woodlots of the northwest Iberian Peninsula may continue to play an important role to maintaining plant species diversity in this area.
This paper analyzes the effect of woodlot size and land-use intensity on the species richness of vascular plants, birds, beetles, and ants in Castanea sativa (chestnut) woodlots of the northwestern Iberian Peninsula included in the category “9260 Castanea sativa woodland”, “Annex I, DC 92/43/European Community”. The results show that the surface area of the woodlot did not affect the richness of vascular plants and ants but did affect birds and beetles. The level of abandonment of the woodlot affected only the richness of vascular plants, while the use level had no significant impact on species richness of any of the groups. The degree of maturity of the woodlot, estimated by the tree-trunk circumference, determined only the richness of plants but not that of different groups of animals. In conclusion: 1) Plants and animals responded differently to woodlot size, abandonment, and the degree of maturity of the woodlots; 2) Traditional agricultural practices do not negatively affect the biodiversity of the chestnut woodlots of the northwestern Iberian Peninsula or favor plant diversity; and 3) A traditional use of these woodlots may continue to play an important role in maintaining the diversity of plant species in the area
Cada día se incrementa más el número de pacientes anticoagulados debido al aumento de la expectativa de vida y los beneficios demostrados de la terapia anticoagulante en patologías como síndrome coronario agudo, fibrilación auricular y enfermedad tromboembólica (1). Las hemorragias más frecuentes en pacientes anticoagulados ocurren en tracto gastro-intestinal, tejidos blandos y tracto urinario (2), siendo el sangrado en retroperitoneo una complicación rara pero conocida que requiere un alto índice de sospecha (1). Los factores que aumentan el riesgo de sangrado son la edad avanzada, las enfermedades concomitantes, los fár-macos asociados y la intensidad de la anticoagulación (2). El hematoma retroperitoneal espontáneo (HRE) es una complicación poco frecuente pero importante, ya que puede producir alteraciones hemodinámicas graves y secuelas neurológicas severas (3). Presentamos un caso de hematoma espontáneo afectando a músculo psoas-ilíaco en una paciente anticoagulada con enoxaparina (1mg/kg/12 h), que cursó con neuropatía del femoral como complicación, haciendo hincapié en que el tratamiento quirúrgico urgente es de elección cuando existe síndrome compartimental con afectación isquémica del nervio femoral (4,5).Mujer de 78 años que acude a Urgencias por cuadro clínico de 1 semana de evolución de glucemias capilares elevadas, disminución del nivel de conciencia, y tos seca y dificultad respiratoria en las últimas horas. Entre sus antecedentes destacaba diabetes mellitus a tratamiento insulínico con mal cumplimiento, hipertensión arterial y cardiopatía isquémica. En la exploración se objetivó temperatura de 38,8 ºC y 35 respiraciones por minuto. En la analítica destacaba una PO 2 de 58 mm/Hg con SO 2 de 90,2% con hemograma, bioquímica y coagulación normales. Ante sospecha de embolismo pulmonar se realiza gammagrafía de ventilación/perfusión en la cual se observan defectos subsegmentarios en lóbulo inferior izquierdo, lóbulo medio derecho y lóbulo inferior derecho con menor afectación ventilatoria, sugestivos de embolismo pulmonar en fase evolutiva o de revascularización. Se inicia tratamiento con enoxaparina (1mg/kg/12 h) y siete días después inicia cuadro súbito de dolor en miembros inferiores, región lumbar y cadera izquierda, con sudoración, palidez e hipotensión, hipoestesia y parestesias en miembros inferiores; junto a hemoglobina 7,2 mg/dl, hematocrito 23,3%, tiempo de protrombina 16,2 seg, INR 1,24, TTPA 35,3 seg, glucosa 606 mg/dl, urea 83 mg/dl, creatinina 3,5 mg/dl, Na 129 mEq/dl y K 5,9 mEq/dl. Se realiza tomografía computarizada evidenciándose gran hematoma retroperitoneal (Fig. 1), por lo que se consulta al servicio de Urología que en principio descarta tratamiento quirúrgi-co, recibiendo tratamiento con sueroterapia, analgesia, transfusión de hematíes y reversión de anticoagulación. A pesar de estas medidas continúa el dolor, parestesias y aparece plejía de miembro inferior izquierdo con hiporreflexia. Ante la afectación de sistema nervioso periférico confirmada con estudio electromiográfico (dene...
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