Objectives : Inflammation is mediated by cellular components, such as leukocytes and microglia, and molecular components, including cytokines, extracellular proteases, and reactive oxygen species. Cnidium Rhizoma effects the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, suppression of the microglia activation and protection of the nerve cell injury. For this reason, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of water extracts of Cnidium Rhizoma on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Method : ICH was induced by the stereotaxic intracerebral injection of bacterial collagenase type IV (0.23 U/㎕, 0.1 ㎕/min) in Sprague-Dawley rats. We orally administrated once 3 hours after ICH, then 2 times at 24-hour intervals the water extracts of Cnidium Rhizoma (500 ㎎/㎏), myeloperoxidase (MPO) was observed by using immunofluorescense and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α ) and microglia were observed by using immunohistochemistry. Results : Infiltration of MPO expressing neutrophil, expression of iNOS and TNF-α and activated microglia were significantly reduced in peri-hematoma of the rats fed with water extracts of Cnidium Rhizoma. Conclusion : These results demonstrated that water extracts of Cnidium Rhizoma suppressed an inflammatory reaction through inhibition of MPO, iNOS and TNF-α positive cell and activated microglia number in peri-hematoma of ICH-induced rats.