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The purpose of this study is to provide planning methods for leisure activity program to prevent the elderly's deviance, using the program components and protocol factors. This section discusses the results obtained through document analysis and Delphi technique. First, the components of leisure activity program were classified into five stages such as definition, condition analysis, program composition, application and evaluation. Second, the protocol factors in each stage of leisure activity program for the elderly's deviant prevention were 19 main themes and 75 sub-themes respectively. In the stage of condition analysis, five main themes such as deviant prediction, individual, socio-demographic, social and cultural factors and 25 sub-themes were found. Program composition included three main themes, facilities, instructor and program and 16 sub-themes and in the application stage, there were three key themes, facilities, instructor and program and 14 sub-themes. Lastly, the evaluation found four main themes such as deviant prevention, participation in leisure activities, management and wellbeing and 16 subthemes.

Diabetes is a type of metabolic disease presented by high blood sugar and that leads to significantly decrease the quality of life causing various symptoms. It is essential to manage a systematic menu for preventing such diabetes even though there are some ways for it including diet, physical exercise, medicinal prescription, and so on. This study proposes a smart phone based personalized menu management system for achieving the systematic diabetes management. At the present time almost menu systems for diabetes patients are subjectively prescribed by dietitians or doctors and that does not reflect current situations and personal preferences. The system proposed in this study provides the menu for diabetes patients according to season, weather, time, and personal preferences. In particular, the recipe and personalized menu for patients can be provided without limiting any time and location based on smart phone services, and its menu can easily be changed or selected by the phone.

Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –PbTiO 3 (PMN–PT) films were deposited by the radio-frequency magnetron sputtering technique with Pb- and Mg-enriched ceramic targets. The perovskite structural growth was carried out over a wide range of processing parameters. PMN–PT targets were synthesized by the columbite technique. Surface cracking was due to the residual stress induced by low-temperature deposition. To reduce the surface-layer delamination, the substrate temperature during deposition was increased to 500 °C. Even though the amount of the perovskite phase decreased, the surface morphology was free of macrodelaminations and better than the case of room-temperature deposition. By stress releasing, high-temperature deposition reduces the delaminations of the PMN–PT thin films on the Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrate. By controlling the sputtered-particle kinetic energy and the film composition, the surface morphologies were changed to be smooth and delamination-free.