Hippophae rhamnoides L., which belongs to the Elaegnaceae family, is one of the medically and environmentally valuable berry crops with its high nutritious and bioactive compounds. Despite its high demand in the food, medicinal and agricultural industries, this species has been less studied molecularly. In view of this, an effort has been made in the present study to characterize 24 accessions of H. rhamnoides collected from different geographical regions of Mongoliaa through random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. A total of 10 RAPD primers were used in the present study for their ability to produce clear, scorable amplicons. The RAPD analysis totally generated 87 bands, of which 84 (96.34%) were polymorphic, pointing to a high degree of genetic variation. The similarity coefficient ranged from 0.4-1 with the mean of 0.78. The UPGMA dendrogram was generated using these data grouped accessions into two main clusters. Cluster analysis reflected a relatively close relationship between accessions grown at the same or neighbouring areas. Thus, our data could be informative for further selection and management of germplasm collections and crossing strategies for sea buckthorn.

A total of 80 species in 1834 types of Tephritidae Newman (fruit flies) were recorded in the Mongolian-Russian comprehensive and joint expedition report, which was organized in 1967-1995. In the course of an itinerary survey conducted in 2019, we have recorded the dispersion of Rhagoletis batava at 223 natural (wild) and planted sea buckthorn points in 22 soums of Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, Zavkhan, Khovd, Selenge and Govi-Altai aimags (provinces). Accordingly, we summarized the spread of sea buckthorn fruit fly relating mostly to territories that have dry and cooler climates, while some areas are humid and cold. Based on the dispersion points, we determined the current and future changes in the distribution of this species of flies, using the MaxEnt Modeling of geographical distribution. Thermal and humidity rates that affect the flies were estimated using data collected from 18 meteorological stations and sentinel posts. These points are located in different natural zones with an average annual air temperature fluctuating from -4.8 to 3.2°С. For example, in Tes soum of Uvs aimag, Bayantes soum of Zavkhan aimag and in Tes along the Tes river basin the average annual temperature is from -3.7 to - 4.8°С; in Baitag Kharuul of Bulgan soum of Khovd aimag, along the Bulgan river basin, the warmest temperature is 3.2°С, and in other soums it is -2.4 ... 1.8°С.