RESUMOO objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os mencionados dois métodos de difusão passiva por poderem se adaptar mais facilmente às instalações que trabalham com ventilação natural durante a maior parte do tempo, com base em resultados de pesquisas já existentes com estudos relacionados a diversas características de ambos os métodos. O método Saraz é uma nova metodologia que vem sendo testada e aperfeiçoada para a operação em ventilação natural, e tem apresentado uma eficiência de recuperação de volatilização de amônia maior que 80 %. O método "Ferm Tube" constitui o primeiro amostrador de fluxo passivo, tendo sido principalmente aplicado para determinar as emissões de NH 3 em confinamentos de bovinos. Os dois métodos foram comparados em termos de requisitos, tais como: custo, eficiência, aplicabilidade e uso em instalações abertas. No geral, em condições de ventilação natural, o método Saraz mostrou-se mais apropriado que o método Ferm Tube. Porém a escolha entre um ou outro método vai depender de uma série de condições, como recursos econômicos, disponibilidade de reagentes e laboratórios, tipos de análises possíveis de serem realizadas, além da precisão desejada e grau de dificuldade de operação. Palavras-chave: método de fluxo passivo, instalações animais, emissão de amônia METHODS OF PASSIVE DIFFUSION FOR AMMONIA DETERMINATION IN OPEN FACILITIES FOR ANIMAL PRODUCTION ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to compare the two methods mentioned by passive diffusion may adapt more easily to facilities that work with natural ventilation for most of the time, based on results from existing surveys related to various characteristics of both studies methods. The Saraz is a new methodology that has been tested and optimized for operation on natural ventilation, and has shown a recovery efficiency of volatilization of ammonia greater than 80%. The "Ferm Tube" is the first flow and passive sampler, have been mainly used for determining the emission of NH 3 in feedlot cattle. The two methods were compared in terms of requirements, such as cost, efficiency, applicability and usability in open facilities. Overall, in terms of natural ventilation Saraz the method was more appropriate than Ferm Tube. However, the choice between one or other method will depend on a number of conditions such as economic resources and availability of laboratory reagents, possible types of analysis to be performed, in addition to the desired precision and difficulty of operation.
A mineralogical, geological and geotechnical characterization of several rock types (phyllite, dolomite, breccia and marl) from an underground mine site aimed, among other things, to identify its mineral composition and to provide parameters to support the understanding of rock mass behavior. For this purpose, it was possible to perform laboratory and in situ tests or use existing empirical correlations. In this manuscript, the results of the following laboratory tests are presented and analysed-physical indices, point load test, Schmidt Hammer, uniaxial compression strength, wave propagation, micropetrographic description and X-ray diffraction. It was verified that the results obtained are consistent with other studies carried out in the region and also with results from the technical literature for similar lithotypes. Finally, the results contributed to improve the existing database on correlations among different trials.
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