No abstract

Many orthodontic problems arise at the age of 10-12 years therefore the aim of this study was to detect the percentage of pupil at age 10-12 year that need orthodontic treatment and have not done it till now, and the possibility of motivating them. 1500 Iraqi pupil at school age of 10-12 year were examined according to grade designed by Sweden orthodontic board. 57% of the sample required no treatment, 23.3% required mild treatment, and 14% required moderate while 5.3% required great treatment & 0.3% require very great treatment. Majority of pupils that need treatment didn't receive any motivation even from their dentist, There is a great shortage in dental health education programs. About half of pupil examined didn't need treatment although there is a large number of the sample who needs treatment.

Fixed orthodontic appliances were used for long period in the treatment of malocclusion patients. It is subjected to the oral environment and affected by the changes that take place in this media. Many studies were done and express the tendency of these appliances to corrode inside the mouth. 150 orthodontic brackets related to three different companies (Orthodent, Ortho-organizers, and Dentaurum). These brackets examined after removing them from the patients' mouth and examined microscopically. Most of the brackets exhibit corrosion which is mainly pitting, crevice and erosion corrosion. Keywords: surface changes of orthodontic brackets

No abstract