demografija i budžetski prihodi. Indikatori su analizirani na sva tri NTSJ nivoa, definisanih Zakonom o regionalnom razvoj, i na lokalnom nivou (opštine i gradovi). U analizi se primenjuje neponderisani Gini indeks regionalnih razlika koji je korišćen za određivanje razlika u okviru svakog posmatranog indikatora. Rezultati analize su prestavljeni u okviru tabela i grafika koji prikazuju promene Gini indeksa tokom godina posmatranja. U radu je pokazano da su najveće regionalne razlike u Srbiji prisutne na lokalnom i na NTSJ 3 nivou. Regionalne razlike na ova dva nivoa su stabilne tokom godina. Sa druge strane, razlike na nivoima NTSJ 1 i NTSJ 2 su takođe velike ali manje nego na nižim teritorijalnim nivoima. Međutim, razlike u ova dva nivoa rastu mnogo brže nego na nižim nivoima. .OMXĉQH UHĉL regionalne razlike, regionalni razvoj, Gini indeks, Srbija $EVWUDFWThe paper presents a legislative and institutional framework of regional development in Serbia, as well as the analysis of regional disparities across different geography, elaborated through six selected indicators: population and population density (analysed as a single indicator), Regional GDP, Employment, Unemployment, Business Demography and Budgetary Revenues per capita. Indicators are analysed at the all three NUTS, as defined by the Law on Regional Development, and at the local level (cities and municipalities). In the analysis, the paper applies the unweighted Gini index of regional disparity that was used in calculating disparities within each observed indicator. The results are presented within the tables and figures that show changes of the Gini index across years of observation. The paper showed that highest regional disparities in Serbia are at the local and NUTS 3 level. Disparities at those two levels are stable across the years. Disparities at NUTS 1 and NUTS 2 levels are also high, yet lower than at the bellow territorial levels (NUTS 3 and the local level). However, disparity at these two levels grows much faster than at the NUTS 3 and local level.
SažetakU ovom radu predstavljeni su ključni nalazi istraživanja o romskom preduzetništvu u kontekstu celokupne preduzetničke populacije u Srbiji i opštih karakteristika etničko-manjinskog preduzetništva u svetu. Cilj rada je da ukaže na značaj razvoja romskog preduzetništva za rešavanje ekonomskih i socijalnih problema ove etničke grupe. Anketiranjem 45 registrovanih romskih preduzetnika na teritoriji Republike Srbije utvrđeno je da se najveći broj njih bavi pružanjem usluga, poljoprivredom, prerađivačkom industrijom i reciklažom otpada. Romi su najčešće vlasnici mikro preduzeća koja su obično porodične firme. Romski preduzetnici posluju primarno na lokalnom tržištu na kome ostvaruju prihod višestruko manji od prihoda koji ostvaruju druge preduzetničke firme. Posmatrano prema polu, romski preduzetnici su najčešće muškarci. U proseku, romski preduzetnici su nedovoljno obrazovani i obučeni za vođenje posla jer, prema popisu stanovništva, svaki treći pripadnik romske zajednice ima osnovno obrazovanje, a svega 11,5% ima srednji nivo obrazovanja. Jedan od najznačajnijih problema sa kojim se sreću Romi u poslovanju je obezbeđenje finansijskih sredstava. Drugi značajan problem sa kojim se sreću Romi preduzetnici su visoki porezi i doprinosi na rad, a među ostalim problemima ističu se nedovoljno poznavanje zakona i procedura, siva ekonomija, nestabilne cene poljoprivrednih proizvoda, slaba platežna moć kupaca, predrasude kupaca, itd. U cilju razvoja romskog preduzetništva potrebno je obezbediti veću finansijsku podršku postojećim i potencijalnim romskim preduzetnicima iz javnih i donatorskih sredstava, ispitati mogućnost uvođenja novih načina finansiranja preduzetničke aktivnosti Roma, obezbediti različite oblike nefinansijske podrške romskim preduzetnicima, podsticati njihovo udruživanje i promovisati preduzetništvo među Romima. AbstractThis paper presents key findings of the research on Roma entrepreneurship in the context of the overall entrepreneurial population in Serbia, and general characteristics of ethnic minority entrepreneurship in the world. The paper's objective is to show the importance of the development of Roma entrepreneurship for the solutions to economic and social problems of this ethnic group. The survey of 45 registered Roma entrepreneurs on the territory of the Republic of Serbia revealed that the majority are engaged in service provision, agriculture, manufacturing industry and waste recycling. The Roma are most often owners of microenterprises, which are usually family businesses. Roma entrepreneurs primarily operate on the local market, where revenues they generate are significantly lower than the revenues generated by other businesses. By gender, Roma entrepreneurs are mostly men. On average, they are insufficiently educated and trained to run a business, as suggested by the census data indicating that one out of three Roma people has primary education, and only 11.5% a secondary education. One of the most important problems faced by the Roma in business is obtaining finance. Another signific...
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