Higher PGLI values were associated with worse glycemic control and increased LVMI. Efforts should be made to minimize the PGL. All other risk factors that may contribute to the development of LVH in PD patients should be identified and treated. Additional multicenter, randomized control trials are needed to determine the target objectives of PGLI.

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) is characterized by clinical and electrocardiographic features that mimic acute myocardial infarction, normal or mildly elevated cardiac enzymes, distinctive left ventricular wall motion abnormalities, and absence of significant obstructive coronary artery disease. Often there is a history of emotional stress and usually encountered in postmenopausal women. Excessive catecholamine stimulation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of TTC. Usually, this condition is reversible within several weeks to months. Only two cases of TTC were described in patients on hemodialysis. To our knowledge, we report the first case of TTC in peritoneal dialysis and the first case associated with peritonitis.

Low peritoneal glucose load may be associated with a protective effect from the development of LVH in PD patients.

Background: The etiology of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy may be obstetric or non-obstetric. Though colposcopy is generally not part of the routine evaluation of 2nd- or 3rd-trimester vaginal bleeding without obvious obstetrical cause, our department does perform colposcopy and cervical cytology testing in these patients. This study assessed the need and possible contribution of colposcopy in diagnosing the etiology of 2nd- and 3rd-trimester bleeding. Methods: Retrospective analysis of colposcopy findings from 2012–2015 in patients with 2nd- or 3rd-trimester bleeding where an obstetrical cause was not found. Data collected included demographics, obstetric data, bleeding characteristics, colposcopy results, cervical cytology testing, a sonogram directed at the placenta, and birth details. Results: Of the 168 patients who underwent colposcopy, 29 (17.3%) complained of postcoital bleeding (PCB). The following were the colposcopy results: 5 (3%) had abnormal colposcopy findings, 14 (8.3%) ectropion, 4 (2.4%) polyps, and 1 (0.6%) vaginal varices. Postpartum follow-up of women with PCB or pathologic cervical cytology testing diagnosed 1(0.6%) patient with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2–3, human papillomavirus 18 and 45 positive. Conclusions: Colposcopy diagnosed the origin of bleeding in 24 cases (13.7%). These findings support the use of colposcopy in evaluating vaginal bleeding of undetermined obstetric origin during pregnancy.

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