The goal of this study was to improve the functionality of two pectin (PEC) edible films by incorporating olive leaf extract (OLE) or guava leaf extract (GLE). Different concentrations of OLE or GLE (0.1 and 0.2% w/v) were used, and 30% glycerol was added as a plasticizer. The obtained films were evaluated for their mechanical properties, antioxidant activity, thickness, color, opacity, permeability to gases and water vapor, moisture content, and moisture uptake. Soluble sachets were then prepared and filled with chicken stock powder. The results indicated that incorporating OLE or GLE into the PEC films significantly increased their opacity, greenness, and antioxidant activity, which increased from 8.5% in the control to 83.9% when 0.2% GLE was added. Additionally, the films had lower water vapor permeability than the control film. The moisture uptake of the films was also significantly increased when GLE was added. Furthermore, the developed sachets were tested in real-life scenarios, mirroring their intended usage in households. After being introduced to boiling water, the sachets rapidly dissolved within seconds. These results suggest that OLE or GLE, as natural additives, can be used to improve the functionality and activity of edible films.

The aim of the present study was to identify the effect of corn replacement by sorghum and supplementation of methionine during growing and laying periods in productive performance and egg quality of two strains of quail (brown and black). Four hundred and eighty quails (240 of each strain) were used in this study. Birds reared on floor letter in semi opened house distributed into four treatments each with three replicates (20 birds in replicate). Experimental treatments were as follows: T1: fed on yellow corn ration (Control), T2: fed on ration in which  50% of corn replaced by sorghum , T3: fed on ration in which  50% of corn replaced by sorghum and supplemented with 0.2% methionine and T4: fed on ration in which  50% of corn replaced by sorghum and supplemented with 0.4%  methionine . Statistical analysis of data showed no significant differences (P≤0.05) between treatments and strains in live body weight, average weekly weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio dressing percentage and mortality rate. After sexual maturity age no differences were observed between the treatments and strains in egg production HD%, egg weight, feed conversion ratio, egg shape index, shell weight, shell thickness, albumin height, yolk dimension, yolk height, blood glucose, blood triglyceride, blood total protein, blood hemoglobin, ALT and AST enzymes concentration in serum through out of the experimental period which was lasted for 99 days. In conclusion, the results revealed the possibility of 50% sorghum replacement instead of yellow corn without any passive effects on productive performance which reduce the productive costs.

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This study was carried out on Poultry field department of animal resources-college of Agriculture and Forestry-University of Mosul for the period from 2/8/2013 to 19/9/2013 in order to study the effect of acclimation and type of added fat to alleviate the heat stress of broiler chickens reared under high temperature. Seven hundred of one day old unsexed broiler chickens (Ross 308). were division to two division, the first division reared on ordinary condition and called not acclimated and other division also reared on ordinary condition yet exposed to (37 ±2)°C temperature for six hours daily at age (5, 9, 13 and 17) day to acclimate to high temperature and called acclimated. At ( 22) days old birds divided into eight treatments as follows T1 reared on standard ration and acclimated, T2 reared on ration contain (4)% fat and acclimated, T3 reared on ration contain (4)% oil and acclimated, T4 reared on ration contain (2)% fat and (2)% oil and acclimated, T5 reared on standard ration and un acclimated, T6 reared on ration contain (4)% fat and un acclimated, T7 reared on ration contain (4)% oil and un acclimated, T8 reared on ration contain (2)% fat and (2)% oil and un acclimated. The house temperature have risen to rotatory temperature (25-35-25)°C and still age of marketing (49) day. Statistical Analysis of data showed Significantly increase in live body weight for T3 and T5. Significantly decrease in mortality rate for T3 and T5, rectal temperature for treatment of using oil, fat and mixed, packed call volume, glucose concentrate cholesterol concentrate, H/L cell for treating of using oil and mixture. No Significantly differences in weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, dressing percentage, relative weight of breast, total protean, albumin, globulin concentrate in blood serum, also the histological study revealed the absence of any passive effect on the histological picture of intestine.

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