Background:The evidence for PRP osteogenic potential has been suggested by several in vitro studies, i.e. PRP addition in culture medium promoted the proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and the effect of PRP on osteogenic differentiation was also seen on human adipose derived stem cell (ADSC). We aim to study the role of PRP in accelerating bone healing potential at the fracture site in cases of delayed union or non union of long bones. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted from JUNE 2018 to JUNE 2019 where 20 patients with delayed/non union of long bone fractures were treated with PRP injection. The patients were assessed for callus formation over radiological examination. Results: In our study 65 percent of the patients benefitted from PRP therapy and showed good callus formation and 35 percent did not benefit from the treatment and required further operative intervention. The pre procedure VAS score in patients with delayed union was 3.5 ± 1.3 and non union group was 2.8 ±1.4 which reduced to 1.2±0.3 and 1.1±0.3 respectively. Conclusion:The use of PRP in treatment of non union and delayed union of long bone fractures has shown good results with no complications, it is a promising new modality which needs prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled, multicentric-studies with a much larger sample size to clarify the results and better understanding of the effects of PRP in fracture healing.

Background: "Hand fractures can be complicated by deformity from no treatment, stiffness from over treatment, both deformity and stiffness from poor treatment." -Swanson. Fracture of metacarpal bone of the hand constituting between 14-28% of all visit to hospital following trauma by various means like assault, road traffic accidents, industrial accidents, agriculture accidents etc. Fracture of the bones of hand are among the commonest fracture in humans, but their management varies widely in the different regions of world. This variability is due to many reasons, including availability of resources, social factors, geographic constraints, surgeon preference and experience, and local practice patterns. Among the spectrum of hand and wrist injuries, fractures of the wrist rank first in terms of frequency and morbidity, with an estimated incidence of 400 fractures per 100,000 inhabitants per year 3 . 3 Fracture healing in the hand is not an isolated goal; rather the functional result is of paramount importance. Recent studies have shown good functional results with surgical treatment of metacarpal fractures using K-wires, bicondylar plates and screws as compared to conservative treatment. Material and Method:The sample size of the study was 28 patient in 12 patient in k-wire group, 8 patient in jess group and 8 in plate group. The functional outcome was assessed by calculating Total active range of motion (TAM) as suggested by the American Society of Surgery of Hand. At every follow up TAM (total active range of motion) will be calculate as follows TAM= (Active flexion at MCP+PIP+DIP)-Extension deficit at MCP, PIP, DIP. Recovery was calculated as percent regained in motion compared to normal range of digital motion (260 degree). Result: Fracture healing in the hand is not an isolated goal; rather the functional result is paramount importance. JESS, Plating and K-wire comprised of 8, 8 and 12 subjects respectively. Mean age (in years) of the subjects in JESS group was 41.75±21.93 while the mean age of the subjects in plating and K-wire group was 39.12±20.18 and 43.83±21.84 respectively. 14.35, 21.4% and 17.9% of the subjects in JESS, Plating and K-wire group respectively were injured due to fall from height. Road traffic as mode of injury was reported in 14.3%, 7.1% and 25% of the subjects in JESS, Plating and K-wire group respectively. Conclusion: Plate and screw fixation is a good option for treating closed unstable metacarpal fractures, where other modalities of fixation are less effective, the rigid stable fixation provided by plating which withstands load without failure allowed early mobilization and achieved good functional results.

Abstract— Twitter is a platform extensively utilized by humans to express their reviews and display opinions on one-of-akind activities. Opinion analysis is an approach to investigate statistics and retrieve opinion that it embodies. Twitter opinion analysis is ansoftware of opinion evaluation on information from Twitter (tweets), which will extract opinions conveyed by way of the consumer. In the past many years, the research on this field has always grown. The reason behind that is the difficult layout of the tweets which makes the processing difficult. The tweet format may be very small which generates a whole new measurement of problems like use of slang, abbreviations etc. In this paper, we intention to study some papers concerning research in opinion analysis on Twitter, describing the methodologies followed and fashions carried out, at the side of describing a generalized Python based method. Keywords— Opinion analysis, Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, Python