No abstract

Ampana City, Tojo Una-Una Regency has the potential of marine tourism and the area also faces a serious threat from the litter that can affect aesthetic value, reduce the quality of waters, intervention to normal systems in the environment. Sampling to the beach in general representative locations in Malotong Beach (area of 100 x 25 m2), and Bailo Beach (100 x 10 m2). The sampling units in the transect plots are 5 plots covering 25 m2 (plot size 1 x 1 m2) randomly determined. The next procedures are the collection and classification of litter. The composition and density of the type of litter are distinguished for meso (0.5cm-2.5cm) and macro (> 2.5cm) litter. The results showed that the type and abundance of the litter that generally comes from recreational activities of beach visitors and household litter. In general, meso and macro litter were found in Malotong Beach as many as 25 types, and in Bailo Beach as many as 35 types. The presence of litter on the coast and the sea threatens life on the Coast of Ampana City. Today’s public awareness is needed to change habits and give more respect to their environment.

Sea is a wealth of nature that contains a wide variety of resources, for living things. Marine health is an important thing that must be maintained for sustainable living. Marine Litter is a waste from land that goes into the sea and disrupts the ecosystems of marine health, especially materials that cannot decompose such as plastics, glass, and others. The purpose of this research was to determine the waste’s composition and density based on the type of material and to know the trend of type and concentration of marine litter. A sampling of marine litter at Baiya Beach followed the criteria according to the guidance survey of marine litter on the beach. Baiya Beach is located in Palu Bay and meets the criteria in the monitoring of marine litter. The results obtained, there were 10 meso types of wastes (0.5-2.5 cm) that dominated by woods, plastics, and glasses & ceramics with density of 57.83 pieces m−2, 20.79 pieces m−2, 19.90 pieces m−2 respectively, while the macro type (>2.5cm) contained 25 types that dominated by plastic, wood, and other materials (sanitary) with a density respectively of 9.72 piece m−2, 3.40 piece m−2, 160.32 piece m−2. These results showed that the type and quantity of litter are generally derived from human activity.

The coastal zone is an intermediate area between land and sea which is very vulnerable to being contaminated by litters. The density and composition of marine litters is strongly influenced by environmental factors and human activities. The research objective was to monitor trends in composition and density of litters on the Mamboro Beach in 2019 and 2020. The sampling method is based on marine litter guideline monitoring formulated by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry which was adopted from UNEP and NOAA. The results showed that the total litter weight for macro size (> 2.5 cm) has decreased by 4303.29 g (56.23%) from 2019 to 2020. Likewise, meso size (0.5-2.5 cm) has decreased by 902.25 g (18.42%) from 2019 to 2020. Meanwhile, both litter sizes have increased in density for macro size by 14.12 pieces/m2 and meso size by 18.92 pieces/m2 from 2019 to 2020. The decline in the trend of macro and meso litter in 2019-2020 period is not always directly proportional to the litter density on the Mamboro beach. Apart from anthropogenic and infrastructure factors, geomorphological characteristics, weather conditions and oceanographic parameters also have an influence on the composition and density trends of litter in coastal areas.

Small scale capture fisheries is one of the leading sectors that drive the economy of Banggai Laut Regency. Fishing technology improved related to fishing efforts has an effect on the preservation of fish stocks resource in the area that it required management efforts. This study aims to determine the sustainability status of small scale fisheries in Banggai Laut Regency based on ecological, fishing technology, social and economic dimensions. The research was conducted from September to December 2017 in seven sub-districts in Banggai Laut Regency. In determining the sustainability status of each dimension, the Rapfish (Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries Sustainability) approach is used. Furthermore, in determining the attributes that had an influence on the sustainability performance of small scale capture fisheries, a leverage analysis is carried out. The results showed that the highest sustainability index was the economic dimension of 75.57 (good), the ecological dimension of 59.25 (good), and the lowest was the social dimension of 22.95 (very bad), the dimension of fishing technology was 22.62 (very bad). Remedial measures that must be taken to improve sustainability performance include improving law enforcement facilities and infrastructure at sea and empowering supervisory officers, limiting excessive use of FAD, providing subsidies to small scale fisheries, and regulating fishing areas between local fishermen and Andon fishermen.