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The results of chemical and thermal analysis of substrates based on the post-extraction residue of balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.) buds before and after bioconversion by Fp5-15 Fomitopsis pinicola fungi were compared. The thermal characteristics obtained using thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) methods are presented. The stages of thermal decomposition, their temperature intervals and the temperatures of the maxima on the DTG curves, as well as the weight loss of the samples, have been established. Studies have shown that under the action of the enzyme complex of fungi, easily and difficultly hydrolysable polysaccharides are utilized, and lignin substances also undergo changes.