Dynamic assessment of hearing in pediatric patients having chronic suppurative otitis media with cholesteotoma was conducted. The patients included into the study were assessed after surgeries performed by canal wall up or canal wall down technique without any timpanoplasty. Functional outcomes and frequency of recurrence were estimated. We carried out a retrospective and prospective analysis of hearing ability in 35 children who had undergone surgery in ENT clinic of Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University (37 ears were operated on as two patients had bilateral lesions). Hearing ability was investigated by tone threshold audiometry. All the patients studied were followed up for not less then 1 year. Hearing ability was evaluated before the surgery,6 months and 12 months after the surgery. Hearing findings before the surgery in children operated on by canal wall up technique showed a more significant hearing loss than the ones done by the other technique. All ears demonstrated no significant hearing loss progress in both groups. However, the children after canal wall up surgery showed more frequent cholesteatoma recurrences which resulted in the need of other surgeries. Carrying out canal wall up surgery on the middle ear in children makes it possible to maintain hearing at a socially adequate level.