Objective: To characterize the involvement of the respiratory apparatus of patients with cystic fibrosis in order to obtain a comprehensive view of their pulmonary picture.Methods: Data were obtained retrospectively from the medical records of 16 patients with cystic fibrosis; arterial gas and spirometry data were obtained prospectively for the same patients, who were not in an acute pulmonary situation. The patients were subjects of both sexes aged 6 years or older who were followed up at the Pediatrics Outpatient Clinic of the University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, USP.Results: Median patient age was 114 months (9 years and 6 months) ranging between 72 -360 months, and 68.75% were males. Productive cough was the most frequent symptom observed in 75% of the population studied. All patients had positive sputum culture obtained at least one year before, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa being detected in 81.25% of the cases. Arterial gases revealed some abnormalities in 81.25% of the patients and spirometry revealed abnormalities in 56.25%.Conclusion: All patients presented at least one type of pulmonary alteration. Measurement of arterial gases detected a larger number of patients with altered pulmonary function than did spirometry, but the two examinations complemented each other for a good evaluation of pulmonary function.J. pediatr. (Rio J.). 2000; 76(4): 295-299: cystic fibrosis, pulmonary function, arterial gas, spirometry. ResumoObjetivo: O trabalho teve por finalidade caracterizar o acometimento do aparelho respiratório de pacientes com fibrose cística a fim de termos um panorama do quadro pulmonar dos mesmos.Métodos: Avaliação de dados obtidos, retrospectivamente, de prontuários médicos e de resultados prospectivos de gasometria arterial e espirometria de 16 pacientes com fibrose cística fora do quadro de doença pulmonar agudizada, com idade maior ou igual a 6 anos, de ambos os sexos, seguidos no ambulatório de Pediatria do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto -USP-.Resultados: A mediana de idade dos pacientes foi de 114 meses (9 anos e 6 meses) com variação de 72 -360 meses. 68,75% são do sexo masculino. A tosse produtiva foi o sintoma mais freqüente (75% da população estudada). 100% dos indivíduos possuem cultura de escarro positiva de longa data (pelo menos 1 ano), sendo 81,25% por Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A gasometria arterial revelou alguma anormalidade em 81,25% dos indivíduos e a espirometria em 56,25% dos indivíduos.Conclusão: Todos os pacientes analisados apresentam pelo menos um tipo de alteração pulmonar. A gasometria arterial detectou maior número de pacientes com alteração na função pulmonar do que a espirometria, porém os dois exames complementam-se para uma boa avaliação funcional pulmonar.
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