The design of highly efficient catalysts of cracking reactions for intensification of thermal enhanced oil recovery technologies is a relevant task. Moreover, the cost-effective industrial synthesis of such catalysts is very important. In this paper, we discuss the efficiency of bimetallic catalyst, which forms in-situ from the mixture of oil-soluble iron and cobalt precursors, on the processes of upgrading heavy oil in the reservoir of Tatarstan Republic (Russia). A simulation of aquathermolysis was carried out in a high-pressure reactor – autoclave at 150-250оС. The treatment time varied from 6 to 24 hours and the share of catalyst and hydrogen donor was 2 %wt. each. The phase composition of the active form of binary catalyst was estimated from the result of X-ray diffraction measurement. It is characterized by the presence of individual (Fe3O4 and Fe2O3) and mixed oxides with ideal stoichiometry – СоFe2O4. The formation of cobalt sulfide (CoS2) was observed, which indicates the destruction of C-S bonds in high-molecular components of oil. According to the results of SARA-analysis and rheology behavior, the catalyst intensifies destructive processes of resinous compounds (their content reduces more than 45%). This provides an increase in the content of saturated hydrocarbons by 16% and redistribution of aromatic fragments in hydrocarbons with hybrid structure. Thus, the reduction of dynamic viscosity by 32% was succeeded.

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The article is devoted to the reflection of the events of June 23–26, 1848 in the 10th letter of the cycle “Letters from France and Italy” by A. I. Herzen and two of his private letters. The aim of the study is to establish the key features of the writer’s epistolary style, as well as to observe the transformation of his reasoning during the transition from one verbal form to another. Taking into account the goal, the author considered a comparative method to be the most reasonable in the context of the chronological approach. A comparative analysis of these sources has been carried out, their structural and content similarity has been revealed, stylistic and compositional features has been analyzed. The result of the work done was the explication of the relatively stable epistolary manner of Herzen, the definition of its main characteristics. In addition, a conclusion was made about the auxiliary role of the writer’s private correspondence in the creation of the open cycle “Letters from Italy and France”.

The article deals with some ways of replenishing vocabulary of modern English as a result of changing linguistic view of the world. Formation of new elements of the language as well as change of the existing ones through the use of internal word-building resources are analyzed.