Introduction. Residents of northern regions have a diet low in essential macro- and microelements. The Sea of Okhotsk is an enormous source of fish and non-fish products. We aimed to determine mineral contents in marine fish, shellfish, and algae in order to assess if they could satisfy the daily requirement for these elements through fish and non-fish consumption. Study objects and methods. Our study objects were saffron cod (Eleginus gracilis L.), blue-headed halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides L.), commander squid (Berryteuthis magister L.), northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis L.), salted pink salmon caviar (Oncorhynchus gorbuscham L.), and kelp (Laminaria L.). The contents of 25 macro- and microelements were determined by atomic emission spectrometry and mass spectrometry with inductively coupled argon plasma. Results and discussion. The absolute contents of macro- and microelements in the marine species were used to assess the proportion of the recommended daily requirement that they account for. Also, we performed a thorough comparative analysis of mineral quantities in the studied species of marine fish, pink salmon caviar, shellfish, and algae from the Sea of Okhotsk. Finally, we examined the elemental status of the coastal residents belonging to the “northern type” and identified their deficiencies of vital chemical elements. Conclusion. Some chemical elements in the studied marine species from the Sea of Okhotsk (Magadan Region) satisfy over 100% of the daily human requirement for these minerals. Therefore, their products can be recommended as part of a northern diet in order to compensate for the deficiencies of certain minerals.

By methods of atom-emission and mass spectrometry with inductively bonded argon plasma there was determined the content of 25 macro- and trace elements in tap cold drinking water used by the residents of the city of Magadan for food purposes and in hair samples of 30 young male Europeans aged of 17-23 years, who are the residents of the city of Magadan. According to our data the content of 25 elements in drinking water conforms to standards, but that content of such essential elements as Co, Cr, Cu, I, Mn, Na, Se, Zn is shown to be lower than referential indices. After boiling the water the concentration of trace elements is changed. The content of Cd, Cu, K, P, Pb, Zn, Ni becomes lower significantly. In healthy young men aged of 17-23 years, from the number of natives Europeoids, residents of the North there was detected deficit of Co and I (86% and 62%, respectively), lower concentrations of Ca, Mg, Se, Zn (76%, 69%, 24%, 24%, respectively). The constant use by residents of the city of Magadan of ultrafresh brackish drinking water in food aims may be the one of the main reasons of the imbalance of macro- and micronutrients in the body, characterized by features of the so-called "northern" type with a marked deficiency of basic essential elements.

To examine the content of 25 macro- and trace elements in hair samples of females at elderly and old age, the methods of atom emission and mass-spectrometry with inductively bonded argon plasma were used. Elements' content in both examined groups did not show statistically important differences (p > 0.05), except Si, which content was 2.5 times lower in the group of the old women. Ca, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, P, Si, Zn content was lower, while Al, As, B, Cd, Pb, Sn content was higher than in the elderly women. Both groups were characterized by a high deficit of many essential elements. It has been found that the median lines of Co and Se concentration were below the lowest limit of reference values in all the examined subjects. Due to the analysis of data on the elements content in the surveyed people's hair, it is possible to assess imbalance of mineral metabolism in females of both age groups constant residents of the Russian Northeast region in order to carry out prenosological diagnostics, primary prophylaxis and correction of the revealed disorders both on the individual and micropopulation levels.

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Целью исследования явился анализ исходов беременности женщин с сахарным диабетом в зависимости от способа введения инсулина (помповая инсулинотерапия или шприц-ручки). Материалом исследования послужили истории родов 52 женщин, имевших в анамнезе сахарный диабет. У 88% женщин, получавших во время беременности помповую инсулинотерапию, показатели гликогемоглобина (HbA1c) соответствовали целевым, при этом в группе женщин, пользующихся шприц-ручками, только 18,5% имели целевые значения HbA1c (р0,0001). Средний срок родов у первой группы женщин составил 39,2±0,6 недель, что считается доношенной беременностью, тогда как у второй группы срок родов в среднем составил 36,4±0,6 недель (преждевременные роды), р0,001. Дети первой группы имели среднюю массу при рождении 3 278±153 г, а дети второй группы 3 810±157 г (р0,0001). Детям первой группы в 92,6% был поставлен диагноз «здоровый ребенок», тогда как дети второй группы такой диагноз имели лишь в 40,8% случаев (р=0,0001). Таким образом, использование помповой инсулинотерапии улучшает исходы беременности у женщин с сахарным диабетом, по сравнению с терапией шприц-ручками.