Tuberculosis (TB) poses a specific threat to certain communities, such as Islamic boarding schools "(Pesantren)". These Islamic boarding students, called "santri", are vulnerable to contracting TB because their schools are overcrowded and have poor ventilation. A cross-sectional study was conducted using six Islamic boarding schools in Garut, West Java, to assess the determinants of TB-preventive behavior among boarding students. Using two-stage cluster sampling, 500 students were selected to be interviewed using a pretested questionnaire. Associations between gender, education level, knowledge about TB, attitudes towards TB, and TB-preventive behavior were analyzed using a chi-squared test. A total of 58.4% students practice a limited amount of TB-preventive behavior. A significant percentage of students (54.6%) have a good amount of knowledge about TB, and 57.6% of students have a negative attitude towards TB. A total of 51.4% students are male, and 89.8% of students have a low education level. There are statistically significant associations between gender and TB-preventive behavior (p = 0.000), as well as between education level and TB-preventive behavior (p = 0.012). Female students practice TB-preventive behavior approximately twice as much as male students, and students who are highly educated practice TB-preventive behavior approximately twice as much as those with limited education.