ABSTRACT.A 5-year cotton-wheat rotation field experiment was conducted on two alkaline-calcareous soils to investigate the impact of integrated nutrient-management and crop-residue incorporation on soil physical and hydrological properties. The nutrient treatments were: T1-farmers' fertilizer use; T2-balanced nutrient management (recommended N, P, Zn. and B from mineral sources); T3-integrated nutrient management, same as T2, except that 75% N was applied from fertilizer and 25% as FYM; and T4 same as T2, except that every alternate year, wheat was substituted by Berseem green manure. All treatments were compared with and without crop residue incorporation. Soil organic matter (SOM) content in both the soils was significantly increased with T2, T3 and T4 as compared with T1, and was increased further where the nutrient-management treatments were applied in combination with crop-residue recycling. Higher increase in SOM content was observed in soil having relatively lower initial SOM (0.61%) than soil having initial 0.80% SOM content. Increased SOM content, in return, decreased soil bulk density, improved macro-and meso-porosity, and enhanced percent recovery of stable aggregates correspondingly. Infiltration rates were 20, 49 and 26% higher with T2, T3 and T4, respectively, over T1 and 64% higher with crop-residue incorporation over crop-residue removal. Positive impacts on soil physical properties were also observed in the sub-soil layers.Keywords: cotton-wheat system, crop-residue recycling, integrated nutrient management, bulk density, water stable aggregate, hydraulic conductivity.As propriedades físicas e hidráulicas de aridisois influenciadas por manejo de nutrientes e resíduos de colheita em sistema rotativo algodão-trigo RESUMO. Um experimento rotativo algodão-trigo foi conduzido durante cinco anos em dois solos calcários-alcalinos para verificar o impacto de manejo por nutrientes integrados e por incorporação de resíduos de colheita sobre as propriedades físicas e hidrológicas do solo. Os tratamentos de nutrientes foram: T1 -o adubo usado pelos agricultores; T2 -manejo balanceado de nutrientes (recomendação de N, P, Zn e B de fontes minerais); T3 -manejo integrado de nutrientes, semelhante ao T2, exceto 75% de N foram aplicados a partir de adubos e 25% como FYM; T4, semelhante ao T2, exceto que alternadamente o trigo era substituído por adubo verde Berseem. Todos os tratamentos foram comparados com e sem a incorporação do resíduo da colheita. O conteúdo da matéria orgânica do solo (MOS) nos dois tipos de solo foi significantemente aumentado em T2, T3 e T4 quando comparado com o de T1. Esse valor aumentouse ainda mais onde os tratamentos de manejo de nutrientes foram aplicados junto com a reciclagem do resíduo da colheita. Registrou-se maior aumento de MOS em solo com conteúdo de MOS inicialmente menor (0,61%) quando comparado com o solo com conteúdo de MOS inicial com 0,80%. Por outro lado, o aumento de conteúdo de MOS diminuiu a densidade volumosa do solo, melhorou a macro e mesoporosidade e aumentou a...
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