The paper summarizes the major studies of contemporary Russian authors concerning the problems of the formation of the national-state identity of Russian citizens, identity politics and the identity impact on the socio-political stability of Russian society. In a dynamically changing political reality, these problems require a new level of understanding of the theoretical and empirical aspect. This historiographic review presents contemporary political, sociological, historical, and philosophical research. Domestic authors note the special role of the state in forming a national-state identity, as well as analyze the goals in details, objectives, components and results of such a policy.