ducted in the artificial plantations of pine (Pinus sylvestris), created by manual planting on cultivated lands. On test plots, the damage by pine fungus (Fomitopsis annosa) was of slight degree, up to 10 % of the occurrence rateof infectedtrees. Pseudomycorrhizae -root endings with amycelial outer cover and floccus penetrating into the cells of the cortex and in the central cylinder as well as typical ectomycorrhizae were observed on the pine roots. The studied ectomycorrhizae belong to the eumycetes ectomycorrhizae andare characterized by typical for them anatomic structure. Pseudomycorrhizae were not observed outside the centers of Heterobasidion annosum, on the borders of a pine damage the occurrence rate of pseudomycorrhizae was 21-25 % of seedlings' root endings, 29-32 % in parent's species and indecay areas, they are presented to a greater extent (38-54 % in seedlings and 51-57 % in parent's species).© Адамович И.Ю., Шлапакова С.Н. УДК 630.431:551.515(571.13) В.А. Архипов, Е.В. Архипов, С.В. Залесов МЕСТНЫЕ ШКАЛЫ ПОЖАРНОЙ ОПАСНОСТИ ПО УСЛОВИЯМ ПОГОДЫ ДЛЯ ЛЕНТОЧНЫХ БОРОВ ПРИИРТЫШЬЯКлючевые слова: лесной пожар; горимость; пожарная опасность; класс пожарной опасно-сти; шкала природной пожарной опасности по условиям погоды; регламентация работы лесопо-жарных служб.
Аридизация климата, наблюдающаяся в последние десятилетия, обусловила увеличение опасности возникновения и развития лесных пожаров. Особенно это проявляется в южных районах, где лесные насаждения произрастают на границе со степью в экстремальных для них лесорастительных условиях. Уменьшение количества осадков, повышение летних температур и усиление ветра приводят к ускоренно- му высыханию напочвенных горючих материалов и, как следствие этого, повышают вероятность прихода в лесные массивы степных пожаров, а также перехода низовых лесных пожаров в верховые. Сосновые насаждения ГНПП «Бурабай» характеризуются повышенной пожарной опасностью. В них велика вероятность перехода низовых пожаров в верховые и создания угрозы населенным пунктам. В целях совершенствования охраны лесов от пожаров проанализированы показатели фактической горимости лесов ГНПП «Бурабай» за период с 2008 по 2019 гг., а также специфика развития указанных пожаров и причины их возникновения. На основе собранных материалов предпринята попытка разработки предложений по совершенствова- нию охраны лесов от пожаров и минимизации послепожарного ущерба. Climate aridization observed in recent decades has led to an increase in the risk of occurrence and development of forest risk. This is especially evident in the southern regions where forest stands grow on the border with the steppe in extreme for them forest growing conditions. A decrease in the amount of precipitation, an increase in summer temperatures and wind increasing leads to an accelerated drying on soil combustible materials and, as a consequence, increases probability of entering into forests steppe fi res as well as transition of ground forest fi res to crown ones. Pine stands in SNNP «Burabay» are characterized by an increased fi re hazard. They have a high probability of transition of ground fi res upper ones and creation of a threat to settlement. In order to improve the protection of forests from fi res the indicators of actual rate of forest burning in SNNP «Burabay» for the period 2009 to 2019, as well as specifi c of these fi res development and the causes of their occurrence were analyzed. On the basis of the collected materials an attempt was made to develop proposals for improving the protection of forests from fi res and minimizing fi re hazardous damage.
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