The wave fields generated by cyclonic atmospheric disturbances in the region of the northwest shelf of the Black Sea are studied by using a σ-coordinate model. The problem is solved in the hydrostatic approximation with regard for nonlinearity and turbulent viscosity. To improve the space resolution of the model, we realize the procedure of embedded grids. It is shown that the action of a cyclone results in the formation of domains of pronounced surges whose shapes and location reflect the changes in the wind situation. The vertical structure of wave currents first depends only on the location of the atmospheric disturbance over the water area but, in the course time, begins to reflect specific features of the bottom topography.
Изучено влияние направлений и высот ветровых волн, а также высот штормовых нагонов на процессы эрозии и аккумуляции наносов в районе Бакальской косы в Черном море. Использовалась численная модель XBeach (eXtreme Beach behavior). Определены зависимости мест расположения и пространственных размеров областей эрозии и аккумуляции наносов от характеристик волн и нагонов. Установлено, что при отсутствии нагонов наиболее интенсивный размыв перешейка косы происходит при набегании волн с запада по сравнению со случаями набегания волн с юго-запада и северо-запада. Наличие нагонов может приводить как к усилению, так и ослаблению процесса размыва в зависимости от направления волн. Изменение высот набегающих волн оказывает меньшее влияние на морфодинамические процессы, чем изменение высоты нагонов.
Processes of roiling, transport-diffusion, and deposition of fine disperse bottom sediments are studied in the northwestern shelf of the Black Sea in different synoptic situations connected with the passage of cyclones. Movement of atmospheric disturbances with velocities of 5 and 15 m/s along three trajectories typical of this region is considered. A nonlinear sigma-coordinate numerical model is used to calculate hydrodynamic and suspension concentration fields. The bottom areas, most sensitive to erosion, and the areas of maximum accumulation of depositions due to their sedimentation are determined. The change in suspension distribution in the surface layer with time is studied.
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