Relevance. The relevance of the problem is in the high prevalence of the herpes simplex virus. According to WHO, nearly 90% of the population are carriers. Relapses can occur several times a year, which leads to disability and impairs the quality of life. Currently, there are a large number of drugs for general and local treatment. However, they are toxic and can cause allergic reactions. In recent years, a large number of studies have been devoted to the use of lasers in the treatment of dental diseases. Therefore, the question of the use of a laser in the treatment of herpetic lesions of the oral cavity remains relevant.Purpose. The research purpose was to determine the effectiveness of the use of a diode laser in the treatment of herpetic lesions of the lips.Materials and methods. We conducted a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of the use of a diode laser in monotherapy of herpetic lip lesions in 18 patients. The comparison group consisted of 18 patients, in the local treatment of which antiviral ointments were used.Results. The results of the study showed that the use of a diode laser can reduce treatment time, accelerate the epithelization of foci.Conclusion. The results of our study allow us to recommend the use of a diode laser in the complex treatment of herpetic lesions of the oral cavity.

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The review presents the possibilities and experience of using diode lasers for treatment of oral inflammatory diseases. Earlier, low-intensity laser was used in dentistry only as a physiotherapeutic device. The laser applications range has expanded significantly with the advent of new technologies. Diode laser has a high level of safety, so it can be used in periodontics and endodontics without fear of tooth tissue structure damaging. In surgical dentistry, high-intensity laser radiation is used as an alternative to cutting and rotational instruments. Features of diode laser for surgical interventions are sterile conditions during the intervention and avoidance of bleeding during and after surgery, predicted depth of injury, high incision accuracy. Accumulated experience of using a diode laser shows good hemostatic effect, which leads to minimal recession of gingival margin. Many authors emphasize that postoperative scars are absent or are more tender and elastic, not constricting tissues. In comparison with traditional methods, use of laser scalpel can reduce epithelialization time of a wound by half. Also, a number of authors claim that the diode laser stimulates immune system, reduces pathogenicity of microflora, increases its sensitivity to antibiotics, positively regulates the function of dental cement in vitro. Use of laser technology improves the quality and effectiveness of ongoing treatment, reduces repeated paient visits, shortens treatment time, avoids relapses and complications. Due to this, the question of expanding the indications for diode lasers use in dentistry and improving the methods remains of current interest.

Aim. To determine the dynamics of clinical changes and indicators of local immunity in integrating the diode laser into the treatment of the endo-periodontal lesion. Methods. We performed a prospective study of 110 patients of both sexes aged 2555 years with endo-periodontal lesions. The patients were randomized into two groups the main group (n=54), whose received root canal treatment and periodontal pockets with a diode laser in addition to standard therapy, which included endodontic and periodontal treatment, and control group (n=56), whose patients received only standard treatment. The GreenVermillion oral hygiene index and Russells periodontal index, as well as the levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) A, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the mixed saliva of patients, were determined during the study. Quantitative data were described using median, lower and upper quartiles. These data were visualized using boxplots. The MannWhitney U test was used to compare differences between an independent set of quantitative data. Differences were considered significant at a confidence level of p 0.05. Results. The median oral hygiene index decreased from 2.9 to 1.0 (p 0.001) in the main group and from 2.9 to 1.6 (p 0.001) in the control group. The median Russell's periodontal index decreased from 3.38 to 1.3 (p 0.001) in the main group and from 3.95 to 2.0 (p 0.001) in the control group. The median immunoglobulin A content decreased from 5.25 to 3.13 mg/L (p 0.001) in the main group and from 5.23 to 4.21 mg/L (p 0.001) in the control group. The tumor necrosis factor-alpha level decreased from 16.65 pg/ml in the main group and 18.28 pg/ml in the control group to 3.96 and 8.44 pg/ml (p 0.001), respectively. The median cytokine interleukin-10 levels increased from 0.83 to 2.94 pg/ml (p 0.001) in the main group and from 1.29 to 2.13 pg/ml (p 0.001) in the control group. Conclusion. The use of a diode laser in the treatment of endo-periodontal lesions has a positive effect on the dynamics of clinical and immunological parameters, as evidenced by a statistically significant decrease in clinical indices, as well as the normalization of the immunoglobulin A and cytokine levels in mixed saliva.

To improve the quality and effectiveness of medical care for patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases, it is necessary to search for new approaches in both diagnosis and treatment. The aim of our study is to determine the effect of the diode laser on the pathogenic microflora of periodontal pockets and root canals in patients with endo-periodontal lesions (EPL). We carried out a comparative assessment of the bacterial contents of the root canals and periodontal pockets by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) before and after treatment with a diode laser (Doctor Smile Simpler, wavelength 980 nm) for 54 patients with EPL. The control group consisted of 56 patients who were treated according to the generally accepted method, including professional oral hygiene, endodontic treatment, and curettage of periodontal pockets. Evaluation criteria were a qualitative assessment of the content of periodontopathogens in the root canal and periodontal pocket before and after and treatment. As a result of our study, we found a statistically significant (p<0.01) reduction in the colonization of periodontal pockets and root canals in patients with EPL after laser decontamination. The high technological effectiveness of the methods used in combination with the low risk of complications at the stages of endodontic and periodontological treatment provides an antibacterial effect and reduces the duration of inflammation. The results of treatment of patients using a diode laser give reason to recommend their use in the dental practice.