The problem of eating disorders among young people is becoming more common. Exactly at a young age that basic habits are formed, a food culture is laid. At this age, there is a period of increased attention to one»s own appearance, a desire to meet the «standards» accepted in modern society. However, for a significant part of modern youth, nutrition and the level of physical activity do not meet hygienic standards. In turn, a balanced diet and an adequate level of motor activity are predictors of optimal functioning of the body, determining the quality of human life. In this regard, it is relevant to study the relationship of the characteristics of eating behavior with the parameters of quality of life, depending on the level of physical activity. 60 adolescent girls aged 14–17 years were examined, who were divided into 2 groups depending on the level of physical activity. The diet and nutrition regime (questionnaire data), features of eating behavior (DEBQ), the emotional state of respondents (Zung Scale) and quality of life parameters (PedsQL questionnaire) were analyzed. It was found that the majority of respondents have irrational nutrition, but more significant eating disorders were found in girls who do not play sports. Athletes are characterized by higher indicators of physical and emotional functioning and quality of life in general. Girls who do not play sports demonstrate high indicators of social and role functioning, while they have a high intensity of depressive symptoms. There is a relationship between the integral indicator of quality of life and the emotionogenic type of eating behavior. For female athletes, this connection is mediated by external factors, and for female students — by internal experiences. The revealed interrelations between the peculiarities of eating behavior and the quality of life of young people determine the need for additional attention to the issues of hygienic regulation of the diet, increasing physical activity, which will increase adherence to the principles of a healthy lifestyle.
Sports activities are associated with significant physical and psychological stress and can have a negative impact on the health of children and adolescents, reducing the quality of life of young athletes. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the indicators of physical and socio-psychological components of the quality of life of adolescents who play sports in the framework of youth sports schools. Materials and methods. The analysis includes data from a study of 58 male athletes aged 14–17 years engaged in the sections of football, kickboxing and skiing duathlon of the youth sports school. We used survey methods, multi-dimensional assessment of child anxiety (MODT), and the quality of life of young athletes was assessed using the PedsQL ™ method for children aged 13 to 18 years. The features of the components of the athletes ‘day regimen that reduce the quality of life of young athletes include: reduced sleep duration, multiple meals, a significant optional load, intensive use of gadgets during rest periods. Statistically significant differences were found in the assessment of quality of life parameters depending on the type of sports activity, which is due to the specifics of the training process and the severity of sports loads. An age-related trend towards a decrease in the quality of life among athletes of older adolescence was found, which may be a consequence of an increase in training and training loads. The most significant correlations of the assessment of the quality of life of adolescents were established with such parameters as the age of athletes, the severity of training and sports load, emotional and social anxiety. Conclusion. The results of the study showed that not only medical, but also socio-psychological factors affect the health of teenagers who play sports. Assessment of quality of life indicators should be used as part of comprehensive support for young athletes, which will ensure their physical and psychoemotional well-being.
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