Acute infective conjunctivitis is a common worldwide eye disease; especially among children. The purpose of this study was to assess mothers' knowledge and practices for their children with acute infective conjunctivitis. Design: A descriptive research design was used in the study. Setting: This study was conducted in Ophthalmic Outpatient Clinics at Benha Ophthalmic Hospital. The Sample: Simple random sample which included 25 % of children with acute infective conjunctivitis who accompanied with their mothers in the above mentioned setting. The total sample included 250 children. Instrument: An interview questionnaire was used to assess: Social characteristics of children, characteristics of mothers, mothers' knowledge and practices regarding their children with acute infective conjunctivitis. Results: 68% of mother's had poor total knowledge score, 14.8% of mother's had satisfactory total practices scores regarding care of their children with acute infective conjunctivitis. Conclusion: there were a positive significant correlation between mothers' total knowledge and practices scores regarding their children with acute infective conjunctivitis. Recommendation: Health educational program should be developed and implemented for mothers to improve and update them with the most current information about the disease and practices.

Background: Iron deficiency anaemia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality of pregnant women and increases the risks of foetal, neonatal and infant mortality. Nutritional education, with special emphasis on strategies based on locally available food stuffs to improve the dietary intake of proteins and iron is important during pregnancy. This study aimed to evaluate diet behaviour of pregnant woman with iron deficiency anaemia before and after the implementation of educational intervention based trans-theoretical model of change. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted at obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinic affiliated to Benha teaching hospital. A purposive sample of 73 pregnant women were included in the current study. Two tools were used for data collection; first tool interviewing questionnaire to collect data about the subjects' socio-demographic data, medical and obstetric history and knowledge regarding iron deficiency anemia. Second tool; the trans-theoretical model of behavior change questionnaire, it composed of the four main constructs that are stage of change, self-efficacy, decisional balance (pros and cons), experiential and behavioral process of change. Results: There were highly statistically significant differences (P<.001) regarding to pregnant women' knowledge, and trans-theoretical model constructs include self-efficacy, decisional balance (pros, cons), experiential and behavioral processes of change after the intervention based trans-theoretical model as compared to before. Also, 24.7% of the pregnant women were free from anemia after intervention based transtheoretical model. Conclusion and recommendation:The application of trans-theoretical model of behavior change was effective in improving pregnant women's knowledge and diet behavior regarding iron deficiency anemia. The nurse should implement educational intervention based on trans-theoretical for anaemic pregnant women regarding diet behaviour modification.

Peptic Ulcer has a major impact on the health status and continues to be a considerable cause of morbidity and mortality of elderly people. The aim of this study is to assess quality of life of elderly patients with peptic ulcer in Benha City. Research design: A descriptive research design was utilized in this study. Setting: This study was conducted in Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinics of Benha University Hospital and Teaching Hospital in Benha City. The sample: Simple random sample of 25% of all patients attended to previously mentioned setting, the total sample included 150 elderly patients. Two tools were used I): A structured interviewing questionnaire which consists of four parts to assess a): Socio-demographic characteristics of the studied sample. B): Medical history of elderly people with peptic ulcer, c): Knowledge and d): Practices of elderly people regarding peptic ulcer, II): Quality of life scale to assess the effect of peptic ulcer on quality of life among the elderly patients. Results: 54% of the studied sample were female, 50.7 % of elderly patients aged from 60 years old, and 50% of them were married. Regarding the level of education, 45.3 % of them were illiterate, and 74% of them were living in rural area, regarding the past medical history 68% of the elderly patients haven't family history regarding peptic ulcer disease, regarding the present history 92.2 % of elderly people had epigastric pain, regarding their knowledge 62% of the elderly people had poor knowledge about peptic ulcer, 66.0% of elderly people had satisfactory practice regarding peptic ulcer, and 42.7% of the elderly people had poor quality of life. Conclusion: There were statistically significant relations between the total knowledge score of the elderly people and their age and level of education. Recommendations: Health educational program should be developed and implemented for elderly people with peptic ulcer to improve, and update them with the most current information about the disease, practices and quality of life.

Background:The incidence of respiratory diseases and lung cancer is higher in elderly individuals, who constitute a large proportion of patients who require flexible bronchoscopy. Aim of the study: Was to evaluate the effect of the educational program on elderly patients undergoing flexible bronchoscopy. Research design: A quasi-experimental research design was utilized to conduct this study. Setting: The study was conducted at the Chest Outpatient Clinic in Benha University Hospital. Subject: A convenient sample of 100 elderly patients undergoing flexible bronchoscopy who are divided into two groups namely the study group and the control group. Tools: Two tools were used; Tool I: It consisted of three parts: Part I: Socio-demographic data of elderly patients, Part II; Complications after bronchoscopy. Part III: Elderly patients' knowledge toward flexible bronchoscopy includes questions about preparation, instructions before, during and after procedure, precautions and complications. Tool II: Used the Hospital Anxiety Scale (HAS) assessed hospital anxiety level. Results: 60% of the control group, and 56% in the study group aged 60-74 years old. 60% in the control group had complication of recent bronchoscopy, but 36% in the study group had complications of the recent bronchoscopy, 70% of the control group had a poor level of knowledge pre-program, and 66% of them had a poor level in the post-program. While, 70% of the study group had a poor level of knowledge pre-program, 57% of them had fair level followed by 40% who had good level in the post program. 70% of the control group had abnormal level of anxiety both in the pre-program and post-program implementation. Also, 66% of the study group had abnormal level in the pre-program, but 34% of them had abnormal level in the post-program. Conclusion: Implementing the designed educational program for elderly patients undergoing flexible bronchoscopy had a positive effect on increasing patients' knowledge, decreasing anxiety level and complications of bronchoscopy procedure in elderly patients. Recommendation: Providing appropriate information related to the disease and self-care for elderly patients, each according to his condition and his special educational needs, and correcting misinformation about flexible bronchoscopy procedure.

Background: Breast Cancer is the most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women. It is the most common invasive cancer as it affects about 12% of women worldwide. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of the program on improving women knowledge and practice regarding breast cancer and self-examination. Research design: A quasi-experimental research design was utilized in this study. Setting: The study was conducted at Benha University. Sample: A simple random sample included 375women who were worked at Benha University. Tools: two tools were used. I: A structured interviewing questionnaire which consisted of two parts. II: An observation checklist to assess studied women` practices regarding breast selfexamination. Results: There was highly statistically significant difference among all items of studied women knowledge about breast cancer pre and post implementation of educational program. There was highly statistically difference among all items of studied women practices about exercises, physical activities and smoking pre and post implementation of educational program. Conclusion: There was statistically significant relation between the studied women total knowledge and their total practices pre and post implementation of educational program p> 0.05. Recommendations: Continuous health educational program for women regarding breast cancer in Egypt building on the president's initiative to support women's health for early detection of breast cancer and future research is proposed to explore and generate the effect of health educational program to enhance breast self-examination among women.