Farmers who live along the coastal of a small island have various ways to fulfill their needs. The ways to fulfill their needs depend on various habits that have been carried out since a long time ago. The objective of this research is to analyze livelihood strategies designed by the societies in the small island. Research was located in South Leitumur District, Ambon City. The site of research was of two sub-districts, namely Hutumuri and Leahari. Sample of farmers were determined purposively from both sub-districts, resulting in 69 farmers, precisely 51 farmers in Hutumuri and 18 farmers in Leahari. Data were collected from depth interview and analyzed with simple tabulation accompanied with descriptive explanation. Result of the research indicated that there are three livelihood strategies designed by coastal communities in South Leitimur District, namely first, developing natural/farming resource potentials by increasing the quantity of commodities that have potential capability to satisfy daily necessities; second, developing natural/farming resource potentials in wider sense, which concerns with developing potentials of coastal area as fishing spot; and third developing human resource potentials by providing job opportunity out of farming and improving the existing skills owned by farmer household.

<p><em>Indeks seleksi merupakan salah satu prosedur seleksi sifat berganda yang penting dalam prog­ram pemuliaan tanaman. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsi dan menduga parameter-parameter skor indeks dari metode-metode indeks seleksi nilai fenotipe, dan kemungkinan perluasannya bagi metode indeks seleksi nilai pemuliaan BLUP. Peragam fenotipe dan genotipe dari indeks basis dan Smith-Hazel digunakan sebagai landasan statistik untuk pendugaan parameter dan perluasan pengguna­an indeks. Penurunan rumus menghasilkan peragam aditif dan fenotipe bagi indeks seleksi berbasis nilai eigen, dan memperoleh parameter indeks seperti heritabilitas, koefisien deter­minasi, respons seleksi, respons seleksi tak langsung dan respons komponen sifat-sifat kuantitatif bagi semua metode indeks nilai fenotipe. Parameter peragam nilai pemuliaan sebenarnya dapat diduga dari analisis eigen dan keakuratan nilai pemuliaan BLUP yang memungkinkan metode indeks seleksi nilai fenotipe dapat diterapkan dengan prosedur yang sama pada nilai pemuliaan BLUP. Terakhir, heritabilitas dan koefisien determinasi indeks dapat digunakan dalam simulasi pembobot ekonomis untuk menghasilkan indeks terbaik.</em></p>

Diallel analysis of multiple traits is a comprehensive approach to evaluate general combining ability (gca), specific combining ability (sca) and reciprocal effects of parents and it crosses by involving many traits simul­taneously. Describing of cross-by-traits biplot (CT Biplot) can be used to describe the multiple traits diallel analysis. In order to improve the yield potential, four parents of the local varieties and two parents of the high yielding varieties of mungbean were evaluated their multiple traits combining ability by using Griffing Methods I. Results of the research show, there are 3 meaning sectors (MS) and 2 non-meaning sectors (NMS) of crosses and multiple traits. The parents Lasafu Lere Butsiw (LLBs) and Gelatik contained high gca in one MS which associated with traits of the grain weight, number of seeds per pod, number of seeds, number of filled seeds, number of pods, and number of filled pods (MS-1). The parents Lasafu Lere Butsiw fer Namamas (LLBfN), Lasafu Lere Butnem (LLBn), and variety No. 129 in the next MS (MS-3) related to the 100 seed weight trait, meanwhile the parent Mamasa Lere Butnem (MLB) located in another NMS, contained high gca for an ideal type of short plant. Crosses combination of Gelatik × LLBs, Gelatik × LLBfN, and MLB  × LLBn were vertex crosses on MS-1 and therefore, having high sca for the traits that mutually-correlated in the sector. In the other two MS sectors, the parents LLBn and LLBs were vertex genotype, so that crosses that have best sca were not found. Reciprocal effects can be viewed in some crosses, which LLBs × Gelatik was the cross combination with the highest reciprocal effects.

Mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) is one of the food plants as a source of vegetable protein for humans. One of these is a population of transgressive segregation resulting from crossing in mung beans. This research aims to estimate the correlation between genotype and phenotype values ​​between quantitative traits in the transgressive segregation population of mung beans. Genetic material was 11 lines of transgressive segregated in the selection generation S2:2 of varieties Mamasa Lere Butnem × Lasafu Lere Butnem crosses. Genotype correlation analysis was obtained from the decomposition of genetic variance components from the results of the analysis of variance according to a randomized complete design with sub-sampling, consisting of 13 genotypes (including check varieties) which were two replications. The results showed a genotype correlation between the quantitative traits of mung beans that indicated the possibility of direct selection of the populations of transgressive segregation lines on yields and indirectly through easily observable traits such as harvest age, number of pods, and number of seeds. Keywords: genetic correlation, mungbeans, quantitative traits   ABSTRAK Kacang hijau (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) merupakan salah satu tanaman pangan sebagai sumber protein nabati bagi manusia. Salah satu diantaranya adalah populasi segregasi transgresif hasil persilangan pada kacang hijau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menduga nilai korelasi genotipe dan fenotipe antar sifat-sifat kuantitatif pada populasi segregasi transgresif kacang hijau. Bahan genetik adalah 11 galur segregan transgresif pada generasi seleksi S2:2 zuriat persilangan varietas Mamasa Lere Butnem × Lasafu Lere Butnem. Analisis korelasi genotipe diperoleh dari penguraian komponen ragam-peragam genetik dari hasil analisis peragam sesuai model acak rancangan acak lengkap dengan anak contoh, terdiri atas 13 genotipe (termasuk varietas penguji) yang diulang dua kali. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan adanya korelasi genotipe antar sifat-sifat kuantitatif kacang hijau yang mengindikasikan kemungkinan seleksi langsung populasi galur segregasi transgresif terhadap hasil maupun tak-langsung melalui sifat yang mudah diamati seperti umur panen, jumlah polong dan jumlah biji. Kata Kunci: kacang hijau, korelasi genetik, sifat kuantitatif