Pharmacists and their pharmacies have been evolving in their roles as health promoters in Brazil. Some examples are the recent legislation reaffirming the role of Brazilian pharmacies as health institutions, rather than having only a commercial profile, giving greater clarity to pharmacists about their roles as health care providers. This evolution came with the recognition that is already seen in other developed countries, confirming the need for the pharmacist as a health promoter, and not simply a dispenser of drugs in society. This study has obtained the profile and activities of community pharmacists, as well as the quality indicators of private community pharmacies throughout the State of Paraná through the application of an online survey sent to pharmacists in the state. Out of all pharmacists surveyed, 533 were part of the final analysis, being the pharmacists to complete the survey in full. Participants were mostly female (69.4%) and were, on average, 35.2 ± 9.2 years old. Of these, 60% worked in pharmacy chains and just 37% of all pharmacist respondents were issuing the Declaration of Pharmaceutical Services. The current study showed that many pharmaceutical services are not adopted by pharmacies as these services bring no significant financial reward. Regarding the structure, the Paraná State showed that pharmacies present a good overall structure. The kind of pharmacy (chain or independent) influenced the pharmaceutical services provided and the available structure, where the independent pharmacies provide a wider range of services and have better structure. This study was able to identify the profile and behaviors of pharmacists and also the quality indicators of pharmacies in Paraná State.Uniterms: Pharmaceutical care. Pharmacists/professional practice. Community pharmacy/structure indicators/Paraná State, Brazil. INTRODUCTIONThe pharmaceutical profession has undergone important changes in the last few decades in Brazil, especially in relation to community pharmacies, with changing roles and a focus on providing clinical services to patients.The pharmacy, as commercial establishment, has evolved significantly (França Filho et al., 2008;Silva, Vieira, 2004), with regulatory advancements such as the publication of law 13.021/14, which inverts the profit oriented logic, by defining the pharmacy as a health care entity geared toward providing a pharmaceutical service, and technical and clinical assistance, to promote the best health care for the patients Souza, 2012).The term service refers to a set of activities organized in a work process. In a broad definition, pharmaceutical services represent any particular service provided by pharmacists and they may be clinical or not. The pharmaceutical care includes a wide range of clinical services, ranging from the benchmarks to pharmacotherapeutic monitoring itself. Recently, in order to clarify definitions and guide professional activity, the which regulate the attributions of clinical pharmacists and of pharmaceutical prescription.The importance of phar...
RESUMO:A Dexmedetomidina é agonista dos receptores adrenérgicos α2. Apresenta propriedades sedativas e analgésicas. O estudo MENDS (PANDHARIPANDE PP et al, 2007) evidencia seu uso favorável em reduzir "Delirium". O objetivo desta revisão sistemática foi determinar qual é o papel da Dexmedetomidina no tratamento de "Delirium". A busca foi realizada no PubMed e Scopus. As pesquisas ocorreram entre o mês de Outubro de 2013 a Maio de 2014, com os descritores: "Dexmedetomidina" e "Delirium". Todos os estudos primários relacionando Dexmedetomidina e "Delirium" foram selecionados, analisados e incluídos para extração de dados. Foram selecionados artigos em inglês, português e espanhol. A busca eletrônica resultou em 250 citações sendo 26 artigos incluídos. Destes, 25 relatam uso favorável da Dexmedetomidina. As unidades que utilizam esse medicamento são as UTI(s), geral ou cardiológica. O método CAM-ICU continua sendo usado para avaliação de "Delirium". Os principais efeitos colaterais são: hipotensão e bradicardia. A faixa etária apresentou variação entre os estudos, entre 18 meses até pacientes com mais de 60 anos. A via de administração desse medicamento, no geral, é endovenosa. A Dexmedetomidina foi comparada com Midazolam, Propofol e Lorazepam. Seu uso reduz tempo de ventilação mecânica, tempo de internamento e consequentemente custo para o hospital. Apesar de um número pequeno de estudos com pequenas amostras os estudos mostram que a Dexmedetomidina apresenta melhores resultados em reduzir "Delirium", seja na presença, incidência e/ou duração, em diversas situações clínicas, nas diversas faixas etárias e em qualquer unidade de terapia intensiva, seja ela UTI geral ou UTI cardiológica. Palavras-Chave: Dexmedetomidina, "Delirium", UTI, Agitação, Emergência. ABSTRACT:Dexmedetomidine is agonist of α2 adrenergic receptors, presenting sedative and analgesic properties.The MENDS study (PANDHARIPANDE PP et al;2007) evidences its favorable use in "Delirium"reduction. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the function of Dexmedetomidine in the treatment of "Delirium".The search was made on PubMed and Scopus. The research occurred between October 2013 to May 2014, using the keywords:"Dexmedetomidina" and "Delirium". All primary studies relating Dexmedetomidine and "Delirium" were selected, analyzed and included for data
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