INTRODUCCIÓNLa constipación es un trastorno complejo y frecuente del funcionamiento intestinal asociado a diversas patologías y que puede ser un efecto secundario al consumo de fármacos. Es una condición crónica que afecta en general a los individuos por períodos prolongados; en la mayoría de los pacientes se instala progresivamente en ausencia de síntomas que sugieran una enfermedad de base y en los que se descubren factores causales asociados, entre otros, con la dieta y la falta de ejercicio físico (1).En los países occidentales, los individuos que consumen una dieta normal producen unos 100 g/d de depo- subjects. We conducted a randomized, controlled, double blind clinical trial in 33 healthy subjects and 64 constipated subjects (≤ 3 stools / week). Each subject underwent a one-week observation period followed by two periods of two weeks of consumption of Minishot or placebo, separated between them by a two-week washout period. The volunteers recorded daily in a table the presence and severity of distractors and digestive symptoms and the number and consistency of stools. Neither Minishot nor the placebo affected the digestive wellbeing or the stool frequency and consistency in the control subjects. In the constipated subjects, both consumption of Minishot and the placebo improved digestive comfort and stool frequency. However, compared with the placebo, Minishot significantly decreased the frequency of hard stools and the proportion of subjects emitting them, and increased the frequency of normal stools. ABSTRACT Constipation is a complex disorder which affects an important part of the population and results in an increase of gastrointestinal symptoms and in lower stool frequency. The addition of soluble fibers (prebiotics) and probiotics in foodstuffs has been proposed as a useful tool to improve digestive wellbeing of affected individuals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the daily consumption of Minishot, a milk drink with prebiotics (inulin / polydextrose) and probiotics (Bifidobacterium lactis BB12), on the digestive comfort of healthy and constipated

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Cet article présente des exemples de résultats expérimentaux obtenus en diffusion de neutrons aux petits angles pour trois types de matériaux (alliages modèles FeCu, aciers austéno-femtiques inoxydables et superalliages à base nickel) différemment vieillis. Un modèle simple, différent dans chaque cas, permet de bien rendre compte des résultats expérimentaux et de déduire un certain nombre de paramètres intervenant dans la modélisation du vieillissement.