In recent years, there has been an increase in studies regarding nanofiltration-based processes for removing antibiotics and other pharmaceutical compounds from water and wastewater. In this work, a 2k factorial design with five control factors (antibiotic molecular weight and concentration, nanofiltration (NF) membrane, feed flow rate, and transmembrane pressure) was employed to optimize the NF performance on the treatment of antibiotic-containing wastewater. The resulting multiple linear regression model was used to predict the antibiotic rejections and permeate fluxes. Additional experiments, using the same membranes and the same antibiotics, but under different conditions of transmembrane pressure, feed flow rate, and antibiotic concentration regarding the 2k factorial design were carried out to validate the model developed. The model was also evaluated as a tertiary treatment of urban wastewater for removing sulfamethoxazole and norfloxacin. Considering all the conditions investigated, the tightest membrane (NF97) showed higher antibiotics rejection (>97%) and lower permeate fluxes. On the contrary, the loose NF270 membrane presented lower rejections to sulfamethoxazole, the smallest antibiotic, varying from 65% to 97%, and permeate fluxes that were about three-fold higher than the NF97 membrane. The good agreement between predicted and experimental values (R2 > 0.97) makes the model developed in the present work a tool to predict the NF performance when treating antibiotic-containing wastewater.

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The present study introduces the analysis of single-lap co-cured joints of thermoplastic self-reinforced composites made with reprocessed low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and reinforced by ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers, along with a micromechanical analysis of its constituents. A set of optimal processing conditions for manufacturing these joints by hot-press is proposed through a design of experiment using the response surface method to maximize their in-plane shear strength by carrying tensile tests on co-cured tapes. Optimal processing conditions were found at 1 bar, 115 °C, and 300 s, yielding joints with 6.88 MPa of shear strength. The shear failure is generally preceded by multiple debonding-induced longitudinal cracks both inside and outside the joint due to accumulated transversal stress. This composite demonstrated to be an interesting structural material to be more widely applied in industry, possessing extremely elevated specific mechanical properties, progressive damage of co-cured joints (thus avoiding unannounced catastrophic failures) and ultimate recyclability.

Innovation has become increasingly common in the public sector, from small procedures to the adoption and installation of complex information technology systems. This study sought to analyze the public environmental agency characteristics in relation to innovation, such as innovation system, innovative culture, absorptive capacity, and appropriability. The research analyzed two case studies of the organization. The results showed that the agency does not have a formalized innovation system, but it has an innovative culture derived from both top management and operational area. It was also concluded that the absorptive capacity is the main factor explored in the search for improvements through innovation. p a l a v r a s -c h a v eInovação no setor público Capacidade abortiva Cultura inovativa k e y w o r d s Public sector innovation Absorptive capacity Innovative culture R E S U M OA inovação tem se tornado cada vez mais comum no setor público, desde pequenas adaptações de procedimentos, até adoção e instalação de complexos sistemas de tecnologia da informação. Este estudo buscou analisar as características de um órgão público de meio ambiente em relação a temas inerentes à inovação, como sistema de inovação, cultura inovativa, capacidade absortiva e apropriabilidade. A pesquisa analisou dois estudos de caso da organização. Os resultados encontrados apontaram que o órgão não possui sistema de inovação formalizado, mas dispõe de cultura inovativa oriunda tanto da alta gestão como da área operacional. Também se concluiu que a capacidade absortiva é o principal fator explorado na busca por melhorias através da inovação.

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